We realize a high-stability laser by modulation transfer spectroscopy and apply it to implement a high-performance compact optically pumped cesium beam atomic clock. Evaluated by the optical heterodyne method with two identical frequency-stabilized lasers, the frequency instability of the 852 nm laser directly referenced on thermal atoms is 2.6×10⁻¹³ at the averaging time of 5 s. Factors degrading the frequency stability of the laser are analyzed, and we will further control it to reduce the frequency noise of the laser. By comparing with a Hydrogen maser, the measured Allan deviation of the high-stability-laser-based cesium beam atomic clock is 2$\times 10^{-12}/\sqrt {\tau }$, dropping to 1×10⁻¹⁴ in less than half a day of averaging time. To our knowledge, the Allan deviation of our cesium clock is better than that of any reported compact cesium beam atomic clocks at the averaging time of half-day. The high-performance atomic clock can promote the fields in metrology and timekeeping, and the high-stability laser additionally possesses great potential to be a compact optical frequency standard.

中文翻译：

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短期不稳定性为10 ^-13的激光器，用于紧凑型光泵浦铯束原子钟

我们通过调制传输光谱仪实现了高稳定性激光器，并将其应用于实现高性能紧凑型光泵浦铯束原子钟。通过光学外差法使用两个相同的频率稳定激光器进行评估，在5 s的平均时间内，直接参考热原子的852 nm激光器的频率不稳定性为2.6×10 ^-13。分析了影响激光器频率稳定性的因素，我们将进一步控制它以减少激光器的频率噪声。通过用氢钟比较，基于高稳定性的激光铯原子钟的测量艾伦偏差为2 $ \倍10 ^ { - 12} / \ SQRT {\ tau蛋白} $，下降到1×10 ^{- 14}在不到半天的平均时间内。据我们所知，在半天的平均时间上，铯钟的Allan偏差要比任何报告的紧凑型铯束原子钟的Allan偏差都要好。高性能原子钟可以促进计量和计时领域，而高稳定性激光器还具有成为紧凑型光频率标准的巨大潜力。