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Measuring the evolution of facial 'expression' using multi-species FACS.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.02.031
B M Waller 1 , E Julle-Daniere 1 , J Micheletta 1
Affiliation  

Darwin observed that form, and in his view, meaning, of facial behaviour (observable changes in the appearance of the face, often termed facial 'expression') is similar between a wide range of species and concluded that this must be due to a shared ancestral origin. Yet, as with all social behaviours, exactly how to define similarity and determine homology is debated. Facial behaviour is linked to specific facial muscle movements, so one important factor in determining homology is the anatomical basis of facial behaviours that appear similar in both appearance and social function. The Facial Action Coding System (FACS) was developed for the scientific measurement of human facial behaviour and is based on individual facial muscle movements (Ekman and Friesen, 1978). FACS has since been modified for use with various non-human primate species (chimpanzees, macaques, hylobatids, orangutans) and domestic species (dogs, cats, horses). These FACS can be used to trace continuity of form in facial behaviour across species and build a better understanding of the evolution of facial communication in mammals.

中文翻译:

使用多种FACS测量面部“表情”的演变。

达尔文观察到,在各种各样的物种之间,面部行为(可观察到的面部变化,通常被称为面部“表情”)的形式和含义是相似的,并得出结论,这必须归因于祖先的起源。然而,与所有社会行为一样,究竟如何定义相似性和确定同源性也存在争议。面部行为与特定的面部肌肉运动有关,因此,确定同源性的一个重要因素是在外观和社交功能上看起来相似的面部行为的解剖学基础。面部动作编码系统(FACS)是为科学测量人类面部行为而开发的,它基于个人面部肌肉的运动(Ekman和Friesen,1978)。此后,对FACS进行了修改,可用于各种非人类灵长类动物(黑猩猩,猕猴,绣球花,猩猩)和家养动物(狗,猫,马)。这些FACS可用于追踪物种间面部行为形式的连续性,并更好地了解哺乳动物面部交流的进化。
更新日期:2020-02-24
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