Recent biological analyses suggest that reductions in dispersal ability have been key drivers of diversification across numerous lineages. We synthesise emerging data to highlight similarities regarding the causes and consequences of dispersal reduction across taxa and ecosystems, as well as the diverse genomic mechanisms underpinning these shifts. Natural selection has acted on standing genetic variation within taxa to drive often rapid - and in some cases parallel - losses of dispersal, and ultimately speciation. Such shifts can thus represent an important nexus between adaptive and neutral diversification processes, with substantial evolutionary consequences. Recognition of the links between these concepts that are emerging from different fields, taxa and ecosystems is transforming our understanding of the fascinating role of dispersal reduction in the formation of biodiversity.

中文翻译：

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分散减少：原因，基因组机制和进化结果。

最近的生物学分析表明，分散能力的下降是众多家族多元化发展的主要驱动力。我们对新兴数据进行了综合，以突出关于在整个分类单元和生态系统中减少扩散的原因和后果的相似性，以及支撑这些变化的各种基因组机制。自然选择已影响到分类单元内的常规遗传变异，从而经常驱散（有时在某些情况下是平行的）散布损失，最终导致物种形成。因此，这种转变可能代表了适应性和中性多元化过程之间的重要联系，并带来了重大的进化后果。认识到来自不同领域的这些概念之间的联系，