The presence of pharmaceutical pollutants in the environment is one of the most pressing environmental problems. Adsorption from solution is an effective way to remove pharmaceuticals from liquid media, but the problem then is to separate the adsorbent from the liquids. The objective of the present study was to remove nitrofurazone from aqueous solutions using a bentonite/magnetite composite, prepared by co-precipitation of magnetite with bentonite, which could then be collected by magnetic separation. The bentonite/magnetite composite was characterized using diverse techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, low-temperature N2 adsorption/desorption, laser diffraction, and magnetization measurements. The particle size of the composite material did not exceed 50 μm and the particle size distribution was mono-modal with a maximum at 3.2 μm. The strong hysteresis in the magnetization curve revealed that the bentonite/magnetite particles were ferromagnetic. Adsorption of nitrofurazone by the bentonite/magnetite composite from aqueous solutions was measured and the amount of nitrofurazone adsorbed was 3.2×10–2 mmol/g. The adsorption kinetics of nitrofurazone to the bentonite/magnetite composite followed a pseudo-second-order kinetics equation. Upon adsorption, hydrogen bonds were formed between the amide groups of nitrofurazone and oxygen groups in bentonite.

中文翻译：

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用于去除呋喃西林的膨润土/磁铁矿复合材料

环境中药物污染物的存在是最紧迫的环境问题之一。从溶液中吸附是从液体介质中去除药物的有效方法，但问题是将吸附剂与液体分离。本研究的目的是使用膨润土/磁铁矿复合物从水溶液中去除呋喃西林，该复合物是通过磁铁矿与膨润土的共沉淀制备的，然后可以通过磁分离进行收集。膨润土/磁铁矿复合材料使用多种技术进行表征，例如 X 射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、低温 N2 吸附/解吸、激光衍射和磁化测量。复合材料的粒径不超过50μm，粒径分布为单峰，最大为3.2μm。磁化曲线中的强滞后表明膨润土/磁铁矿颗粒是铁磁性的。测定了膨润土/磁铁矿复合物对水溶液中呋喃西林的吸附，吸附的呋喃西林量为 3.2×10-2 mmol/g。呋喃西林对膨润土/磁铁矿复合材料的吸附动力学遵循准二级动力学方程。吸附后，呋喃西林的酰胺基团与膨润土中的氧基团之间形成氢键。测定了膨润土/磁铁矿复合物对水溶液中呋喃西林的吸附，吸附的呋喃西林量为 3.2×10-2 mmol/g。呋喃西林对膨润土/磁铁矿复合材料的吸附动力学遵循准二级动力学方程。吸附后，呋喃西林的酰胺基团与膨润土中的氧基团之间形成氢键。测定了膨润土/磁铁矿复合物对水溶液中呋喃西林的吸附，吸附的呋喃西林量为 3.2×10-2 mmol/g。呋喃西林对膨润土/磁铁矿复合材料的吸附动力学遵循准二级动力学方程。吸附后，呋喃西林的酰胺基团与膨润土中的氧基团之间形成氢键。