Trichinellosis, which is caused by Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), is a serious zoonosis. Pigs play an important role in the transmission of human trichinellosis. Characterizing the immune response to T. spiralis infection is key to elucidating host-parasite interactions. However, most studies on the immune response to T. spiralis infection have employed murine models. In this study, we investigated the immune response to T. spiralis infection in pigs. The results showed that the average numbers of larvae per gram (lpg) for the 100-muscle larvae (ML), 1000-ML, and 10 000-ML groups were 1.502, 35.947, and 398.811, respectively. The percentages of CD3+ T cells, B cells, CD4+ T cells, Treg cells, and Th17 cells were elevated in the infection groups compared to the control animals. In contrast, CD8+ T cell percentages were reduced after infection in the low-dose group. The number of neutrophils was increased at 3-17 days post-infection (dpi). Th1 cytokine IL-2 levels were significantly decreased at 7 dpi, and Th2 cytokine IL-4 levels were significantly elevated at 3 dpi. Treg cytokine IL-10 levels were significantly elevated between 7 dpi and 30 dpi. Th17 cytokine IL-17A levels were significantly increased beginning at 11 dpi. These results confirmed that pigs infected with T. spiralis predominantly induced Th2 and Treg immune responses, which suppress the Th1 immune responses. This study provides novel insights into the immune response of pigs infected with T. spiralis.

中文翻译：

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旋毛虫感染的猪的免疫应答的主要特征。

旋毛虫病是由旋毛虫（旋毛虫）引起的，是一种严重的人畜共患病。猪在人旋毛虫病的传播中起重要作用。表征螺旋螺旋体感染的免疫反应是阐明宿主与寄生虫相互作用的关键。但是，大多数关于螺旋藻感染的免疫反应的研究都采用了鼠模型。在这项研究中，我们调查了猪对螺旋藻感染的免疫反应。结果显示，100肌肉幼虫（ML），1000-ML和10000-ML组的平均每克幼虫（lpg）分别为1.502、35.947和398.811。与对照组相比，感染组中CD3 + T细胞，B细胞，CD4 + T细胞，Treg细胞和Th17细胞的百分比升高。相反，低剂量组感染后CD8 + T细胞百分比降低。感染后3-17天（dpi），嗜中性粒细胞的数量增加。Th1细胞因子IL-2水平在7 dpi时显着降低，而Th2细胞因子IL-4在3 dpi时显着升高。Treg细胞因子IL-10水平在7 dpi和30 dpi之间显着升高。从17 dpi开始，Th17细胞因子IL-17A水平显着增加。这些结果证实，感染螺旋螺旋体的猪主要诱导Th2和Treg免疫反应，从而抑制Th1免疫反应。这项研究为感染螺旋螺旋体猪的免疫应答提供了新的见解。Th2细胞因子IL-4水平在3 dpi时显着升高。Treg细胞因子IL-10水平在7 dpi和30 dpi之间显着升高。从17 dpi开始，Th17细胞因子IL-17A水平显着增加。这些结果证实，感染螺旋螺旋体的猪主要诱导Th2和Treg免疫反应，从而抑制Th1免疫反应。这项研究为感染螺旋螺旋体猪的免疫应答提供了新的见解。Th2细胞因子IL-4水平在3 dpi时显着升高。Treg细胞因子IL-10水平在7 dpi和30 dpi之间显着升高。从17 dpi开始，Th17细胞因子IL-17A水平显着增加。这些结果证实，感染螺旋螺旋体的猪主要诱导Th2和Treg免疫反应，从而抑制Th1免疫反应。这项研究为感染螺旋螺旋体猪的免疫应答提供了新的见解。