In the quest for development of halogen-free FR additive and better understanding of the structure-flammability relationship, here we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of phenolic and benzylic succinamides, with and without aliphatic hydroxyl groups. These compounds allow for detailed investigation of the influence of these functional groups on thermal stability and FR properties in their native form and as coatings on Nylon 66 fabric. The thermal stability, char formation, heat release characteristics and thermal decomposition pathway of synthesized succinamides were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) and TGA-FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). Phenolic succinamide, 2,3 dihydroxy-N,N-bis(4-hydroxybenzyl)succinamide (C1) and N,N-bis(4-hydroxybenzyl)succinamide (C3), exhibits about 20% char yield with low heat release characteristics while benzylic succinamides, N,N-dibenzyl-2,3-dihydroxysuccinamide (C2) and N,N-dibenzylsuccinamide (C4), exhibit poor char yield and high heat release characteristics. Thermal decomposition followed by evolved gas analysis of all these succinamides indicate that the decomposition pathway is very much dependent on the presence of phenolic moieties. Heat release characteristic and flammability of Nylon 66 coated with succinamides (10% by weight) clearly indicate that the coating of C1 and C3 impart flame resistance to Nylon 66. These studies clearly reveal that phenolic derivatives are essential for improving the thermal stability, flame resistance and lowering the heat release characteristics of Nylon 66 through char formation.

在寻求开发无卤阻燃添加剂和更好地理解结构-可燃性关系的过程中，我们在此报告了一系列具有和不具有脂肪族羟基的酚和苄基琥珀酰胺的合成和表征。这些化合物可以详细研究这些官能团以其天然形式以及作为尼龙66织物上的涂层对热稳定性和FR性能的影响。通过热重分析（TGA），微尺度燃烧量热法（MCC）和TGA-FTIR（傅里叶变换红外光谱法）研究了合成琥珀酰胺的热稳定性，焦炭形成，放热特性和热分解途径。苯酚琥珀酰胺，2,3二羟基-N，N-双（4-羟基苄基）琥珀酰胺（C1）和N，N-双（4-羟基苄基）琥珀酰胺（C3），表现出约20％的焦炭收率和较低的放热特性，而苄基琥珀酰胺，N，N-二苄基-2,3-二羟基琥珀酰胺（C2）和N，N-二苄基琥珀酰胺（C4）则表现出较差的焦炭生成率和较高的放热特性。对所有这些琥珀酰胺进行热分解，然后进行析出气体分析，表明分解途径在很大程度上取决于酚醛部分的存在。涂有琥珀酰胺（按重量计10％）的Nylon 66的放热特性和可燃性清楚表明，C1和C3涂层赋予Nylon 66阻燃性。这些研究清楚地表明，酚类衍生物对于改善热稳定性，阻燃性至关重要并且通过形成炭降低尼龙66的放热特性。