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Diagnosis of EVALI: General Approach and the Role of Bronchoscopy
Chest ( IF 9.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.02.018
Scott K Aberegg 1 , Sean D Maddock 1 , Denitza P Blagev 2 , Sean J Callahan 3
Affiliation  

CASE VIGNETTE A 23 year-old man arrives at the emergency department with a three week history of dyspnea, dry cough, fevers and night sweats. Two weeks previously, he was evaluated in an outpatient clinic and given a course of azithromycin for presumed infectious pneumonia. His symptoms did not improve and he was seen one week later in an urgent care center and given a prescription for doxycycline which he has been taking without improvement. He states that he feels miserable, has severe nausea and vomiting, and has not eaten in several days. His only past medical history is childhood asthma. He reports no surgeries and takes no medications. He has no risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), does not smoke combustible cigarettes or use intravenous drugs, and has not recently travelled. Examination shows a room air saturation of 89%, a temperature of 38.3° Celsius, respiratory rate of 22. His examination is normal and there are no rales or wheezing heard in the lungs. Chest radiograph shows bilateral, consolidative opacities (Figure 1). White blood cell (WBC) count is 14,000 with left shift. Biochemistries are normal. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is 104 and procalcitonin is 0.08. Urine toxicology screen is positive for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Asked specifically about vaping and e-cigarette use, he reports that he recently began using THC "carts" that his friend gets from an unknown supplier. What is the diagnosis and what additional steps are necessary to confirm it? Is bronchoscopy indicated?

中文翻译:

EVALI 的诊断:一般方法和支气管镜检查的作用

病例小插曲 一名 23 岁男子因呼吸困难、干咳、发烧和盗汗三周来到急诊室。两周前,他在门诊接受了评估,并因疑似感染性肺炎接受了阿奇霉素疗程。他的症状没有改善,一周后在紧急护理中心就诊,医生给他开了多西环素的处方,他一直在服用,但没有好转。他说他感觉很痛苦,有严重的恶心和呕吐,并且已经好几天没吃东西了。他过去唯一的病史是儿童哮喘。他报告说没有做过手术,也没有服用任何药物。他没有人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的危险因素,不抽可燃香烟或使用静脉注射药物,并且最近没有旅行。检查显示室内空气饱和度为 89%,体温 38.3 摄氏度,呼吸频率 22 度。检查正常,肺部未闻及罗音或喘息。胸片显示双侧实变影(图 1)。白细胞 (WBC) 计数为 14,000,左移。生化指标正常。红细胞沉降率 (ESR) 为 104,降钙素原为 0.08。尿液毒理学筛查结果为四氢大麻酚 (THC) 阳性。当被问及电子烟的使用情况时,他报告说他最近开始使用他的朋友从未知供应商那里获得的 THC“手推车”。诊断是什么,还需要哪些额外步骤来确认?是否需要支气管镜检查?胸片显示双侧实变影(图 1)。白细胞 (WBC) 计数为 14,000,左移。生化指标正常。红细胞沉降率 (ESR) 为 104,降钙素原为 0.08。尿液毒理学筛查结果为四氢大麻酚 (THC) 阳性。当被问及电子烟的使用情况时,他报告说他最近开始使用他的朋友从未知供应商那里获得的 THC“手推车”。诊断是什么,还需要哪些额外步骤来确认?是否需要支气管镜检查?胸片显示双侧实变影(图 1)。白细胞 (WBC) 计数为 14,000,左移。生化指标正常。红细胞沉降率 (ESR) 为 104,降钙素原为 0.08。尿液毒理学筛查结果为四氢大麻酚 (THC) 阳性。当被问及电子烟的使用情况时,他报告说他最近开始使用他的朋友从未知供应商那里获得的 THC“手推车”。诊断是什么,还需要哪些额外步骤来确认?是否需要支气管镜检查?当被问及电子烟的使用情况时,他报告说他最近开始使用他的朋友从未知供应商那里获得的 THC“手推车”。诊断是什么,还需要哪些额外步骤来确认?是否需要支气管镜检查?当被问及电子烟的使用情况时,他报告说他最近开始使用他的朋友从未知供应商那里获得的 THC“手推车”。诊断是什么,还需要哪些额外步骤来确认?是否需要支气管镜检查?
更新日期:2020-08-01
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