BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) causes progressive dyspnea, hypoxemia and death within a few years. Little is known about the effect of air pollution on disease exacerbations. METHODS Hospital admissions for IPF are coded J84.1 by the International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision. Using ambient air pollution and climate data from seven air monitoring stations distributed in the seven urban centres in Santiago Chile, along with daily patient hospitalization data from 2001 to 2012, a linear association between daily ambient air pollution and daily J84.1 hospital admissions was tested using generalized linear models. RESULTS Average pollutant levels for all regions were as follows: carbon monoxide (CO) was 0.96 ppm, ozone (O3) was 64 ppb, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was 43 ppb, sulphur dioxide (SO2) was 9 ppb, particulate matter < 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) was 29μg/m3 and particulate matter < 10 μm in diameter (PM10) was 67μg/m3. For the combined Santiago area, relative risk estimates of J84.1 hospitalizations for all pollutants (except ozone), adjusted for age, sex and weather were statistically significant. In the two-pollutant models, the significance of NO2 and PM10 persisted despite adjustments for each of the other measured pollutants. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that acute increases in air pollution are a risk factor for hospitalization of patients with a primary diagnosis of IPF.

中文翻译：

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智利特发性肺纤维化患者空气污染与住院之间的关联：每日时间序列分析。

背景 特发性肺纤维化 (IPF) 会在几年内导致进行性呼吸困难、低氧血症和死亡。关于空气污染对疾病恶化的影响知之甚少。方法 国际疾病分类第 10 版将 IPF 的入院编码为 J84.1。利用分布在智利圣地亚哥七个城市中心的七个空气监测站的环境空气污染和气候数据，以及 2001 年至 2012 年的每日患者住院数据，测试了每日环境空气污染与每日 J84.1 住院人数之间的线性关联使用广义线性模型。结果 所有地区的平均污染物水平如下：一氧化碳 (CO) 为 0.96 ppm，臭氧 (O3) 为 64 ppb，二氧化氮 (NO2) 为 43 ppb，二氧化硫 (SO2) 为 9 ppb，直径 < 2.5 微米的颗粒物 (PM2.5) 为 29 微克/立方米，直径 < 10 微米的颗粒物 (PM10) 为 67 微克/立方米。对于合并的圣地亚哥地区，针对所有污染物（臭氧除外）的 J84.1 住院治疗的相对风险估计值经年龄、性别和天气调整后具有统计学意义。在两种污染物模型中，尽管对其他每种污染物进行了调整，但 NO2 和 PM10 的显着性仍然存在。结论 我们的研究结果表明，空气污染的急剧增加是初步诊断为 IPF 的患者住院的危险因素。性别和天气具有统计学意义。在两种污染物模型中，尽管对其他每种污染物进行了调整，但 NO2 和 PM10 的显着性仍然存在。结论 我们的研究结果表明，空气污染的急剧增加是初步诊断为 IPF 的患者住院的危险因素。性别和天气具有统计学意义。在两种污染物模型中，尽管对其他每种污染物进行了调整，但 NO2 和 PM10 的显着性仍然存在。结论 我们的研究结果表明，空气污染的急剧增加是初步诊断为 IPF 的患者住院的危险因素。