Large-scale disasters often trigger mass evacuation due to significant damages to urban systems. Understanding the evacuation and reentry (return) process of affected individuals is crucial for disaster management. Moreover, measuring the heterogeneity in the individuals' post-disaster behavior with respect to their socio-economic characteristics is essential for policy making. Recent studies have used large-scale location datasets collected from mobile devices to analyze post-disaster mobility patterns. Despite the availability of such data and the societal importance of the problem, no studies have focused on how income inequality affects the equity in post-disaster mobility. To overcome these research gaps, we overlay mobility data with income information from census to quantify the effects of income inequality on evacuation and reentry behavior after disasters, and the resulting spatial income segregation. Spatio-temporal analysis using location data of more than 1.7 million mobile phone users from Florida affected by Hurricane Irma reveal significant effects of income inequality on evacuation behavior. Evacuees with higher income were more likely to evacuate from affected areas and reach safer locations with less damage on housing and infrastructure. These differences were common among evacuees from both inside and outside mandatory evacuation zones. As a result of such effects of inequality, significant spatial income segregation was observed in the affected areas. Insights on the effects of income inequality on post-disaster mobility and spatial segregation could contribute to policies that better address social equity in pre-disaster preparation and post-disaster relief.

由于对城市系统的重大破坏，大规模灾难经常触发大规模疏散。了解受影响人员的疏散和重返（返回）过程对于灾难管理至关重要。此外，从决策者的社会经济特征出发，衡量个体在灾后行为中的异质性是至关重要的。最近的研究已使用从移动设备收集的大规模位置数据集来分析灾后移动性模式。尽管有这样的数据，而且这个问题在社会上很重要，但没有研究集中在收入不平等如何影响灾后流动性的公平性上。为了克服这些研究空白，我们将流动性数据与人口普查的收入信息相叠加，以量化收入不平等对灾难发生后疏散和再入行为的影响，以及由此产生的空间收入隔离。使用来自佛罗里达州受飓风艾尔玛（Irma）影响的超过170万手机用户的位置数据的时空分析显示，收入不平等对疏散行为产生了重大影响。收入较高的撤离人员更有可能从受影响地区撤离并到达较安全的地点，对房屋和基础设施的损害较小。这些差异在强制疏散区内外的疏散人员中很常见。由于这种不平等的影响，在受灾地区发现了明显的空间收入隔离。