This study proposes a new framework for studying activity-travel dynamics in multi-state supernetworks based on a needs-based theory. The framework postulates that temporal fluctuations in human needs are the source of dynamically generated activities, which in turn are manifested in the choice of day-to-day activity-travel patterns (ATPs) and dynamics in day-to-day traffic. Specifically, the net utility of a daily ATP is determined jointly by the degree of satisfying particular needs and the traffic conditions when conducting the ATP. Needs are updated after completing the activities and so is the net utility of the ATP, which means that the net utility that is derived from conducting a particular ATP varies across time. Thus, the choice of a daily ATP is determined not only by the needs reflected in past ATP choices but also on current traffic conditions and usage of facilities. We formulate these dynamics in terms of an activity-travel adjustment process, through which the proposed needs-based activity-travel dynamic system converges to a steady state, coinciding with the Wardropian user equilibrium and the equivalent mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium. This formalism integrates activity generation, activity-travel scheduling, and traffic flow evolution, and offers appealing explanations for day-to-day traffic dynamics and equilibria.

这项研究提出了一个基于需求理论的新框架，用于研究多状态超级网络中的活动-旅行动力学。该框架假设人类需求的时间波动是动态产生的活动的来源，而活动的波动又体现在日常活动-出行方式（ATP）的选择以及日常流量的动态中。具体而言，每日ATP的净效用是由满足特定需求的程度和进行ATP时的交通状况共同决定的。完成活动后，需求会更新，ATP的净效用也会随之更新，这意味着源自执行特定ATP的净效用会随时间变化。从而，每日ATP的选择不仅取决于过去ATP选择中反映的需求，还取决于当前的交通状况和设施的使用情况。我们根据活动旅行调整过程来制定这些动态，通过该过程，拟议的基于需求的活动旅行动态系统收敛到稳态，这与Wardropian用户平衡和等效的混合策略Nash平衡相吻合。这种形式主义将活动的产生，活动的行程安排和交通流的发展整合在一起，并为日常的交通动态和平衡提供了诱人的解释。与Wardropian用户均衡和等效混合策略Nash均衡相吻合。这种形式主义将活动的产生，活动的行程安排和交通流的发展整合在一起，并为日常的交通动态和平衡提供了诱人的解释。与Wardropian用户均衡和等效混合策略Nash均衡相吻合。这种形式主义将活动的产生，活动的行程安排和交通流的发展整合在一起，并为日常的交通动态和平衡提供了诱人的解释。