The demand of highway lighting system is ubiquitous but its operation contributes to extensive financial cost and concerning environmental implications. For this reason, recent researches have investigated possible solutions to boost the efficiency of the existing lighting system. However, the ultimate guide for green energy enabled smart highway lighting system is still lacking in terms of quality and comprehensiveness. The purpose of this paper is to discuss divergent proceedings in the literature to establish procedures of designing and developing energy efficient green highway lighting system, taking into account performance and environmental impact perspectives. A complete taxonomy is presented to identify and organize the literature into several categories, including fundamental design principles with their advantages, disadvantages and research challenges. This paper also intends to give a possible framework to the readers to bridge the gaps among the existing studies. These findings are anticipated to inform researchers and policymaker on perceiving the benefits of the ameliorated energy efficiency in the highway lighting set-up. Furthermore, open issues identified in this paper will pave the way on achieving future highway lighting systems that are not only facilitating safe and seamless driving experience, but also energy-efficient for environmental sustainability.

公路照明系统的需求无处不在，但是其运作会导致大量的财务成本以及对环境的影响。由于这个原因，最近的研究已经研究了可能的解决方案，以提高现有照明系统的效率。然而，就质量和全面性而言，仍然缺乏针对绿色能源的智能高速公路照明系统的最终指南。本文的目的是讨论文献中的不同程序，以建立设计和开发节能绿色公路照明系统的程序，同时考虑性能和环境影响的观点。提出了完整的分类法，以将文献识别和组织为几类，包括基本设计原理及其优点，缺点和研究挑战。本文还旨在为读者提供一个可能的框架，以弥合现有研究之间的差距。预期这些发现将使研究人员和决策者了解高速公路照明设置中改善的能源效率的好处。此外，本文中指出的未解决问题将为实现未来的高速公路照明系统铺平道路，这些照明系统不仅可促进安全和无缝的驾驶体验，而且可实现环境可持续性的节能。