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The Association between Recreational Cannabis Commercialization and Cannabis Exposures Reported to the US National Poison Data System
Addiction ( IF 6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-10 , DOI: 10.1111/add.15019
Yuyan Shi 1 , Di Liang 1, 2
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recreational cannabis has been legalized in 11 states and DC in the US. Among them, 10 states further permitted retail sale to provide a legal supply to adults. This study examined the associations of cannabis exposures with recreational cannabis legalization and commercialization. DESIGN Secondary data analysis of state-quarter level cannabis exposures during 2010-2017 in the US. Linear regressions with difference-in-difference design were used to compare pre- and post-legalization trends in states that legalized recreational cannabis to contemporaneous trends in states that did not legalize recreational cannabis. SETTING United States, including all 50 states and DC. CASES Cannabis exposures reported to the US National Poison Data System. MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome was state age-adjusted cannabis exposures reported to the US National Poison Data System per 1,000,000 population per quarter. The two policy variables of interest included 1) the enactment of recreational cannabis legalization (i.e., removing penalties for adults' possession of cannabis in a small amount for recreational use), and 2) the initiation of recreational cannabis commercialization (i.e., providing a legal supply of cannabis to adults through licensed dispensaries). FINDINGS The association between a state's enactment of recreational cannabis legalization and its changes in cannabis exposures was overall statistically nonsignificant. After controlling for recreational cannabis legalization, however, the initiation of recreational cannabis commercialization was associated with 5.06-5.80 more exposures per 1,000,000 population per quarter (67-77% increase relative to the pre-legalization average) depending on the composition of comparison states. The increase associated with commercialization was higher among minors than adults (7.97-9.53 vs. 3.83-4.21 more exposures), higher among males than females (6.16-7.56 vs. 3.76-3.91 more exposures), and higher among exposures with medical consequences than those without medical consequences (4.09-4.79 vs. 0.97-1.01 more exposures). CONCLUSION An increase in cannabis exposures reported to the US National Poison Data System was observed following recreational cannabis commercialization in the US.

中文翻译:

休闲大麻商业化与向美国国家毒物数据系统报告的大麻暴露之间的关联

背景和目的 休闲大麻已在美国 11 个州和哥伦比亚特区合法化。其中,10 个州进一步允许零售向成年人提供合法供应。本研究调查了大麻暴露与休闲大麻合法化和商业化之间的关联。设计 2010-2017 年美国州级大麻暴露的二级数据分析。具有差异中差异设计的线性回归用于比较休闲大麻合法化州的合法化前后趋势与未使休闲大麻合法化的州的同期趋势。设置美国,包括所有 50 个州和 DC。案例 向美国国家毒物数据系统报告的大麻暴露情况。测量 主要结果是每季度每 1,000,000 人向美国国家毒物数据系统报告的按年龄调整的大麻暴露情况。感兴趣的两个政策变量包括 1) 娱乐大麻合法化的颁布(即取消对成年人持有少量大麻用于娱乐用途的处罚),以及 2)娱乐大麻商业化的启动(即提供合法的通过有执照的药房向成年人供应大麻)。调查结果 一个州颁布的休闲大麻合法化与其大麻暴露变化之间的关联总体上在统计上不显着。然而,在控制休闲大麻合法化之后,休闲大麻商业化的启动与 5.06-5 相关。每季度每 1,000,000 人中增加 80 次暴露(相对于合法化前的平均值增加 67-77%),具体取决于比较州的构成。与商业化相关的增长在未成年人中高于成人(7.97-9.53 比 3.83-4.21 多暴露),男性高于女性(6.16-7.56 比 3.76-3.91 多暴露),并且在具有医疗后果的暴露中高于那些没有医疗后果的人(4.09-4.79 比 0.97-1.01 多暴露)。结论 在美国休闲大麻商业化之后,观察到向美国国家毒物数据系统报告的大麻暴露增加。与商业化相关的增长在未成年人中高于成人(7.97-9.53 比 3.83-4.21 多暴露),男性高于女性(6.16-7.56 比 3.76-3.91 多暴露),并且在具有医疗后果的暴露中高于那些没有医疗后果的人(4.09-4.79 比 0.97-1.01 多暴露)。结论 在美国休闲大麻商业化之后,观察到向美国国家毒物数据系统报告的大麻暴露增加。与商业化相关的增长在未成年人中高于成人(7.97-9.53 比 3.83-4.21 多暴露),男性高于女性(6.16-7.56 比 3.76-3.91 多暴露),并且在具有医疗后果的暴露中高于那些没有医疗后果的人(4.09-4.79 比 0.97-1.01 多暴露)。结论 在美国休闲大麻商业化之后,观察到向美国国家毒物数据系统报告的大麻暴露增加。
更新日期:2020-03-10
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