Pomegranate peel is a source of proteins, bioactive peptides, and phenolic compounds. The simultaneous extraction of these compounds required the use of polluting solvents and reagents that are non-suitable. This work targets the development of green methodologies based on pressurized liquids (PLE) or deep eutectic solvents (DES) for the extraction of these compounds. Extracts were digested with different proteolytic enzymes and different functionalities (antioxidant, hypocholesterolemia, and antihypertensive capacities) were evaluated. Highly antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic extracts and hydrolysates were obtained using PLE while high antihypertensive capacity was observed in the hydrolysates from proteins extracted using DES. Peptides and polyphenols were identified by HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS. Higher amounts of peptides were shown in hydrolysates from DES extracts while hydrolysates from PLE extracts presented higher amounts of phenolic compounds. Some peptides were assigned to proteins from Punica granatum. Both green methods improved the extraction of bioactive compounds from pomegranate peel compared to the non-sustainable method.

Industrial relevance

The development of green methodologies which employ sustainable solvents such as pressurized liquids (PLE) and deep eutectic solvents (DES) allows extracting proteins and bioactive compounds from pomegranate peel. In addition, these solvents improve the extraction of health beneficial compounds compared to the non-sustainable and polluting solvents. Therefore, they could be used for the development of nutraceuticals and functional foods or even in medicinal, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical preparations.

中文翻译：

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使用加压液体和深共熔溶剂可持续地从石榴皮（Punica granatum L.）中提取蛋白质和生物活性物质

石榴皮是蛋白质，生物活性肽和酚类化合物的来源。同时提取这些化合物需要使用污染的溶剂和不合适的试剂。这项工作的目标是开发基于加压液体（PLE）或深共熔溶剂（DES）的绿色方法，以提取这些化合物。提取物用不同的蛋白水解酶消化，并评估了不同的功能（抗氧化剂，低胆固醇血症和抗高血压能力）。使用PLE获得了高度抗氧化剂和降胆固醇的提取物和水解产物，而使用DES提取的蛋白质在水解产物中观察到了高降压能力。通过HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF / MS鉴定肽和多酚。在DES提取物的水解物中显示出更高含量的肽，而PLE提取物的水解物中显示出更高含量的酚类化合物。一些肽被分配给来自石榴。与非可持续性方法相比，这两种绿色方法均改善了石榴皮中生物活性化合物的提取。

行业相关性

使用可持续性溶剂（例如加压液体（PLE）和深共熔溶剂（DES））的绿色方法的发展，可以从石榴皮中提取蛋白质和生物活性化合物。另外，与不可持续和污染的溶剂相比，这些溶剂改善了对健康有益化合物的提取。因此，它们可用于开发营养保健品和功能性食品，甚至用于药物，化妆品和药物制剂。