Abstract In current-rate flash-sintering experiments the current is injected into the specimen from the very start and then increased at a constant rate, while the furnace is held at a constant temperature. The power supply remains under current control. The flash is induced at low current densities which reduces local heating at the electrodes. It leads to a uniform grain size across the entire gage length of the dog-bone specimen. This work pertains to 10 mol.% gadolinium-doped ceria flash sintered at current-rates ranging from 50 mA min−1 to 1000 mA min−1 at a furnace temperature of 680 °C. Full densities are obtained at a current density limit of 200 mA mm–2. Densification is shown to depend only on the instantaneous value of the current density, and not on the current-rate. The grain size, however, is shown to become finer at higher current-rates. A preliminary analysis of the “energy deficit”, that is, the estimated power input corresponding to the temperature as measured with a pyrometer, and the actual power consumption, estimates that huge concentrations of Frenkel defects may be introduced in the flash process.

中文翻译：

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掺钆二氧化铈的电流速率闪蒸：微观结构和缺陷产生

摘要 在电流速率闪烧实验中，电流从一开始就注入试样，然后以恒定速率增加，同时炉子保持恒定温度。电源仍处于电流控制之下。闪光是在低电流密度下引起的，这减少了电极的局部加热。它导致在整个狗骨样本的整个标距长度上具有均匀的晶粒尺寸。这项工作涉及在 680 °C 的炉温下以 50 mA min-1 至 1000 mA min-1 的电流速率快速烧结的 10 mol.% 钆掺杂氧化铈。在 200 mA mm–2 的电流密度极限下获得全密度。显示致密化仅取决于电流密度的瞬时值，而不取决于电流速率。然而，晶粒尺寸 显示在更高的电流速率下变得更细。对“能量赤字”的初步分析，即与高温计测量的温度相对应的估计功率输入和实际功耗，估计在闪蒸过程中可能会引入大量的弗伦克尔缺陷。