Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global and growing health concern. Emerging evidence points toward metabolic inflammation as a key process in the fatty liver that contributes to multiorgan morbidity. Key extrahepatic comorbidities that are influenced by NAFLD are type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and impaired neurocognitive function. Importantly, the presence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and advanced hepatic fibrosis increase the risk for systemic comorbidity in NAFLD. Although the precise nature of the crosstalk between the liver and other organs has not yet been fully elucidated, there is emerging evidence that metabolic inflammation-in part, emanating from the fatty liver-is the engine that drives cellular dysfunction, cell death, and deleterious remodeling within various body tissues. This review describes several inflammatory pathways and mediators that have been implicated as links between NAFLD and type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and neurocognitive decline.

中文翻译：

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代谢性炎症-肝炎性途径作为非酒精性脂肪肝疾病合并症驱动因素的作用？

非酒精性脂肪肝疾病（NAFLD）是全球性且日益增长的健康问题。越来越多的证据表明，代谢性炎症是脂肪肝中导致多器官疾病的关键过程。受NAFLD影响的主要肝外合并症是2型糖尿病，心血管疾病和神经认知功能受损。重要的是，非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和晚期肝纤维化的存在增加了NAFLD全身合并症的风险。尽管尚未完全阐明肝脏与其他器官之间的串扰的确切性质，但新兴证据表明，代谢性炎症（部分源于脂肪肝）是驱动细胞功能障碍，细胞死亡和有害物质的引擎。在各种身体组织中的重塑。