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Habitat and benthic diversity in the bay of Bagnoli and surrounding areas (Gulf of Naples, Italy): A historical baseline for environmental restoration.
Marine Environmental Research ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104925
Martina Gaglioti 1 , Tomás Vega Fernández 1 , Luigi Musco 1 , Maria Cristina Gambi 1
Affiliation  

The aim of the study is to provide a synthesis on the biodiversity of zoobenthic species diversity and benthic habitat distribution of Site of National Interest (SNI) of Bagnoli-Coroglio (Gulf of Naples, Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy), which represents one of the priority areas selected at National level for habitat restoration, and is located within the Gulf of Pozzuoli (a large Bay at the northern part of the Gulf of Naples) (Tyrrhenian Sea). The work provides a dataset, covering the entire Gulf of Pozzuoli, and obtained consulting several sources of information, from historical to recent publications, and grey literature, aimed at the production of a check-list of species, and reconstruction map of the main marine habitats, in order to achieve a synoptic overview of the historical and recent zoobenthic fauna, as well as distribution of habitats, in order to serve as reference point for any future restoration plan in the area. Relevant information regarding the study area was found in 64 out of more than 250 sources consulted. Overall, 813 species of benthic organisms were recorded, summing up a total of 1006 records. Among them, 148 species were reported in the pre-industrial period (prior to 1911), 361 species during the industrial period (from 1911 to 1991), and 381 species in the course of the post-industrial period (from 1992 up to the present day). No differences in biodiversity or distribution of individual species were directly attributable to the industrial activities in the study area. Such a finding is possibly due to different sampling effort among periods and lack of quantitative data for the majority of the recorded taxa. A mosaic of various habitat and biocoenoses were documented in the zones (shallow and deep hard bottoms, soft-bottoms with different sediment types, seagrass meadows). An overall reduction of the cover and a higher habitat fragmentation was documented for seagrass meadows (mainly Posidonia oceanica) over time. Given that regression of this seagrass species is common in a much wider extent that covered by the study area, the trend here observed is probably due to multiple impacts from different human activities, including the industrial one at the Bagnoli SNI. The present study highlights that the SNI area is placed in a wider area representing a mosaic of different habitat types, which can provide donor populations of both habitat formers like (sponges, gorgonians, scleractinians, bryozoans and mollusks, and the seagrasses). These organisms are potentially relevant in implementing restoration measures aimed to improve the ecological status of this post–industrial area.



中文翻译:

Bagnoli湾及周边地区(意大利那不勒斯湾)的生境和底栖生物多样性:环境恢复的历史基线。

该研究的目的是提供关于Bagnoli-Coroglio(意大利第勒尼安海那不勒斯湾)国家利益遗址(SNI)的底栖动物物种多样性和底栖生境分布的生物多样性的综合说明,这是优先重点之一在国家一级选择用于栖息地恢复的区域,位于波佐利海湾(那不勒斯海湾北部的大海湾)(第勒尼安海)内。该工作提供了一个覆盖整个波佐利海湾的数据集,并获得了从历史到最近的出版物以及灰色文献等多种信息来源的咨询,目的在于产生物种清单和主要海洋生物的重建图。为了对历史和最近的动物底栖动物进行简要概述,并了解栖息地的分布,以作为该地区将来任何恢复计划的参考。在咨询的250多个来源中,有64个发现了有关研究区域的相关信息。总共记录了813种底栖生物,总共记录了1006种。其中,在工业化前时期(1911年之前)报道了148种,在工业化时期(1911年到1991年)报道了361种,在工业化后时期(从1992年到1992年)报道了381种。今天)。研究区域的工业活动没有直接归因于生物多样性或单个物种分布的差异。这种发现可能是由于各个时期之间的抽样工作不同,并且缺少大多数已记录分类单元的定量数据。在这些区域(浅而深的硬底,具有不同沉积物类型的软底,海草草甸)中记录了各种生境和生物群落的马赛克。据记录,海草草甸的覆盖面积总体减少,栖息地破碎化程度更高(主要是Posidonia大洋洲)随着时间的推移。鉴于这种海草物种的退化在研究区域所涵盖的范围内更为普遍,因此这里观察到的趋势可能是由于不同人类活动的多重影响,包括巴格诺利SNI的工业活动。本研究强调,SNI区域位于代表不同栖息地类型的马赛克的较宽区域,这可以为两个栖息地形成者(如海绵,松果,硬核,软体动物和软体动物以及海草)提供捐助者种群。这些生物可能与实施旨在改善该后工业区生态状况的恢复措施有关。

更新日期:2020-02-20
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