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Fast-response/stable Ni–Bi cells achieved using hollowed-out Bi@carbon nanospheres: a preferred electricity storage choice to couple with clean energy harvesting
Materials Chemistry Frontiers ( IF 7 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-20 , DOI: 10.1039/d0qm00017e
Jiajia Yao 1, 2, 3, 4 , Linpo Li 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 , Ning Li 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 , Jian Jiang 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 , Yanlong Wang 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 , Jianhui Zhu 1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

Metallic bismuth (Bi) is a burgeoning choice of anode for rechargeable aqueous batteries given its large volumetric capacity, proper operating potential and highly reversible redox behavior. However, its further progress for full-cell implementation is unfortunately impeded due to the inferior anodic stability of Bi over long-term operation. Worse still, its low melting point (∼271 °C) prevents the use of conventional optimizing techniques (e.g., carbon modification) to alleviate tough anodic fading issues. We herein propose an unusual engineering protocol to enable Bi nanounits packaged into carbon sheaths using NH4Bi3F10 nanospheres as initiating materials. Of particular note is that the high electrovalent bond of Bi–F plays a key role in promoting the bismuth thermal durability beyond 400 °C. Such Bi@carbon hybrids have special hollowed-out nanoscale features, with highly accessible surface areas, smooth ionic transport channels and robust mechanical properties against electrode degradation. The as-built anodes possess impressive specific capacity and rate capability (∼53.9% capacity retention at 20 A g−1), as well as prolonged cyclic lifespan (beyond 80% capacity retention after 103 cycles). More significantly, we further affirm the unique anodic phase conversions of “Bi ↔ Bi(OH)3” on a real-time basis using characterizations/post-analysis at different cyclic stages. Our assembled Ni–Bi cells with notable peak energy/power densities of ∼82.32 W h kg−1/∼15.7 kW kg−1 and fast-response and stable behavior, may be fit for green energy-harvesting use.

中文翻译:

使用中空的Bi @ carbon纳米球可实现快速响应/稳定的Ni-Bi电池:与清洁能源收集相结合的首选蓄电选择

金属铋(Bi)由于其大容量,适当的工作电势和高度可逆的氧化还原行为而成为可充电水性电池阳极的新兴选择。然而,不幸的是,由于Bi在长期运行中的阳极稳定性较差,因此其在全电池实施中的进一步进展受到阻碍。更糟糕的是,其低熔点(〜271°C)阻止了使用传统的优化技术(例如碳改性)来缓解棘手的阳极褪色问题。我们在此提出一种不寻常的工程方案,以使使用NH 4 Bi 3 F 10将Bi纳米单元包装到碳鞘中纳米球作为起始材料。特别值得注意的是,Bi-F的高电价键在促进铋的耐热性超过400°C时起关键作用。此类Bi @ carbon杂化物具有特殊的挖空纳米级特征,具有高度可及的表面积,光滑的离子传输通道和强大的机械性能,可防止电极降解。建成的阳极具有令人印象深刻的比容量和倍率容量(在20 A g -1时约53.9%的容量保持率)以及延长的循环寿命(在10 3个循环后超过80%的容量保持率)。更重要的是,我们进一步确认“ Bi↔Bi(OH)3的独特阳极相转化在不同的循环阶段使用表征/后期分析实时进行分析。我们组装的Ni-Bi电池具有约82.32 W h kg -1 /~15.7 kW kg -1的峰值峰值/功率密度,并且具有快速响应和稳定的性能,可能适合绿色能源收集应用。
更新日期:2020-02-20
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