lncRNAs actively regulate gene expression. They contribute to chromosomal interactions at close or distant genomic regions, which, in turn, regulate transcription [1]. Ariel et al [2] reveal in a recent study a new molecular mechanism of the Arabidopsis lncRNA APOLO. The authors extend previously reported functions of APOLO in cis-regulation of chromosomal looping and transcription of its neighbor gene to a set of distant genes involved in auxin-induced molecular pathways controlling lateral root development. Noteworthy, APOLO recognition of multiple trans-modulated targets occurs through a novel mechanism involving R-loop formation.

中文翻译：

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lncRNA-DNA杂合体调节远处的基因。

lncRNA主动调节基因表达。它们促进了在近距离或远距离基因组区域的染色体相互作用，进而调节了转录[1]。Ariel等[2]在最近的研究中揭示了拟南芥lncRNA APOLO的新分子机制。作者将先前报道的APOLO在顺式调节染色体环和其邻近基因转录中的功能扩展到了一组涉及生长素诱导的控制侧根发育的分子途径的远距离基因。值得注意的是，通过涉及R环形成的新机制发生了对多个反式调节靶的APOLO识别。