Abstract Italy is the first producing country of sweet cherries in Europe. In June 2019, sweet cherry fruit showing rot symptoms were collected from retailers located in Apulia (Southern Italy). Marginal pieces of rotted tissue of surface-sterilized fruit were plated onto semi-selective PDA medium. Colonies were further purified and grown on Potato Carrot Agar (PCA), looking initially whitish and then turning pale olive green to light brown. Conidia were septate and broadly ovoid or ellipsoid. Based on its micro- and macro-morphological features, the pathogen was identified as Stemphylium eturmiunum E.G. Simmons. A multi-locus approach was applied to confirm the identification. ITS-rDNA region and portion of genes coding for the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the calmodulin were sequenced. Both nBLAST homology and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the pathogen as S. eturmiunum. To fulfil Koch's postulates, surface-sterilized sweet cherry fruit, cv. Ferrovia, were inoculated with the strain. Typical disease symptoms were recorded after 7 days and the pathogen's identity was confirmed by re-isolation and characterization. Because of the resemblance with the symptoms caused by Alternaria spp., reasonably the incidence of S. eturmiunum infections might have been underestimated. This is the first report of S. eturmiunum as causal agent of postharvest rot of sweet cherries in Italy.

中文翻译：

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意大利甜樱桃采后腐烂的首次报告Eturmiunum Stemphylium Eturmiunum

摘要 意大利是欧洲第一大甜樱桃生产国。2019 年 6 月，从位于普利亚（意大利南部）的零售商处收集了出现腐烂症状的甜樱桃果实。将表面消毒水果的腐烂组织的边缘片铺在半选择性 PDA 培养基上。菌落被进一步纯化并在土豆胡萝卜琼脂 (PCA) 上生长，最初看起来是白色的，然后变成浅橄榄绿色到浅棕色。分生孢子有隔，宽卵球形或椭圆形。根据其微观和宏观形态特征，病原体被鉴定为 Stemphylium eturmiunum EG Simmons。应用多位点方法来确认鉴定。对 ITS-rDNA 区域和编码 3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶和钙调蛋白的基因部分进行了测序。nBLAST 同源性和系统发育分析均证实病原体为 S. eturmiunum。为了满足 Koch 的假设，表面消毒的甜樱桃果实，cv。Ferrovia，接种了菌株。7 天后记录典型的疾病症状，并通过重新分离和表征确认病原体的身份。由于与由 Alternaria spp. 引起的症状相似，合理地可能低估了 S. eturmiunum 感染的发生率。这是 S. eturmiunum 作为意大利甜樱桃收获后腐烂病原的首次报告。通过重新隔离和表征确认了其身份。由于与由 Alternaria spp. 引起的症状相似，合理地可能低估了 S. eturmiunum 感染的发生率。这是 S. eturmiunum 作为意大利甜樱桃收获后腐烂病原的首次报告。通过重新隔离和表征确认了其身份。由于与由 Alternaria spp. 引起的症状相似，合理地可能低估了 S. eturmiunum 感染的发生率。这是 S. eturmiunum 作为意大利甜樱桃收获后腐烂病原的首次报告。