The microbiota in three distinct terrestrial habitats (biological soil crusts – BSC, crust-adhering soil beneath BSC – trans, and crust-free soil close to BSC – soil) was studied in 33 temperate forest stands differing in management intensity (ForMI). Specific lipid fractions and respective marker fatty acids were used to determine microbial biomass and community structure (phospholipid fatty acids – PLFA), energy reserves (neutral lipid fatty acids – NLFA), and community level lipid profiles (CLLP) of nematodes and enchytraeids. The density and diversity of nematode fauna were additionally determined morphologically. The highest total amounts of PLFA and NLFA occurred in the BSC, followed by soil and trans habitats, indicating stronger effects of habitats than forest management intensity. This corresponds to the distribution pattern of bacterial PLFA that dominated the soil microbiota. The highest nematode population density occurred in the BSC, followed by soil and trans. The BSC was dominated by bacterial feeders and omnivores, while plant feeding nematodes were most frequent in the crust-free soil habitat. The highest biomass of photoautotrophs also occurred in the BSC, followed by the crust-adhering and crust-free soil habitats. Redundancy analysis indicated strong effect of ForMI and total N on soil PFLAs and NFLAs across habitats. The C:N and C:S ratios were important for the separation of NLFAs while P:S accounted for the separation of PLFAs. Bacterial and fungal PLFAs largely separated the microbial community across habitats, and particularly between BSC and trans habitats. The separation of nematodes and enchytraeids by CLLP was less pronounced, and most distinct between the crust-free soil and BSC or crust-adhering soil habitats. Overall, BSC and crust-adhering soil habitats provide different suitability for microbiota, resulting in specifically adapted communities that are shaped by the management intensity and nutrient availability.

在33个不同管理强度（ForMI）的温带林分中，研究了三种不同的陆地生境（生物土壤结皮– BSC，BSC下方的结壳黏附土壤–反型和接近BSC的无结皮土壤）的微生物群。使用特定的脂质级分和相应的标记脂肪酸来确定线虫和肠线虫的微生物生物量和群落结构（磷脂脂肪酸– PLFA），能量储备（中性脂质脂肪酸– NLFA）以及群落水平脂质谱（CLLP）。线虫动物的密度和多样性还通过形态学确定。BSC中PLFA和NLFA的总量最高，其次是土壤和反式生境，这表明生境的影响要强于森林经营强度。这与支配土壤微生物群的细菌PLFA的分布模式相对应。最高的线虫种群密度发生在BSC中，其次是土壤和反式。BSC以细菌饲养者和杂食动物为主，而植物饲养的线虫在无壳土壤生境中最常见。光合自养生物的最高生物量也发生在BSC中，其次是结皮和无结皮的土壤生境。冗余分析表明，ForMI和总氮对跨生境的土壤PFLA和NFLA有很强的影响。C：N和C：S比对于NLFA的分离很重要，而P：S则对PLFA的分离很重要。细菌和真菌的PLFA在很大程度上将跨生境的微生物群落分隔开来，尤其是在BSC与跨生境的生境之间。CLLP分离线虫和肠线虫的情况不太明显，在无壳土壤和BSC或有结壳的土壤生境之间最明显。总体而言，BSC和附着硬皮的土壤生境为微生物群提供了不同的适应性，从而形成了由管理强度和养分可利用性形成的特别适应的群落。