Numerous mediators and drugs regulate blood flow or arterial pressure by acting on vascular tone, involving cyclic nucleotide intracellular pathways. These signals lead to regulation of several cellular effectors, including ion channels that tune cell membrane potential, Ca2+ influx and vascular tone. The characterization of these vasocontrictive or vasodilating mechanisms has grown in complexity due to i) the variety of ion channels that are expressed in both vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, ii) the heterogeneity of responses among the various vascular beds, and iii) the number of molecular mechanisms involved in cyclic nucleotide signalling in health and disease. This review synthesizes key data from literature that highlight ion channels as physiologically relevant effectors of cyclic nucleotide pathways in the vasculature, including the characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved. In smooth muscle cells, cation influx or chloride efflux through ion channels are associated with vasoconstriction, whereas K+ efflux repolarizes the cell membrane potential and mediates vasodilatation. Both categories of ion currents are under the influence of cAMP and cGMP pathways. Evidence that some ion channels are influenced by CN signalling in endothelial cells will also be presented. Emphasis will also be put on recent data touching a variety of determinants such as phosphodiesterases, EPAC and kinase anchoring, that complicate or even challenge former paradigms.

中文翻译：

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离子通道作为环状核苷酸途径的效应子：动脉血调调节的功能相关性。

许多介体和药物通过作用于血管紧张素来调节血流或动脉压，涉及环核苷酸细胞内途径。这些信号导致几种细胞效应子的调节，包括调节细胞膜电位，Ca2 +流入和血管张力的离子通道。这些血管收缩或血管舒张机制的特征已经变得越来越复杂，这归因于：i）在血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞中表达的各种离子通道，ii）各种血管床之间反应的异质性，以及iii）数量与疾病中的环状核苷酸信号传导有关的分子机制研究 这篇综述总结了文献中的关键数据，这些文献重点介绍了离子通道是脉管系统中环状核苷酸途径的生理相关效应子，包括所涉及分子机制的表征。在平滑肌细胞中，通过离子通道的阳离子流入或氯离子流出与血管收缩有关，而K +流出使细胞膜电位重新极化并介导血管舒张。这两类离子电流都受cAMP和cGMP途径的影响。也将提供一些离子通道受内皮细胞中CN信号传导影响的证据。还将重点关注涉及各种决定因素（例如磷酸二酯酶，EPAC和激酶锚定）的最新数据，这些决定因素使以前的范例复杂化甚至是挑战。而K +外排使细胞膜电位重新极化并介导血管舒张。这两类离子电流都受cAMP和cGMP途径的影响。也将提供一些离子通道受内皮细胞中CN信号传导影响的证据。还将重点关注涉及各种决定因素（例如磷酸二酯酶，EPAC和激酶锚定）的最新数据，这些决定因素使以前的范例复杂化甚至是挑战。而K +外排使细胞膜电位重新极化并介导血管舒张。这两类离子电流都受cAMP和cGMP途径的影响。也将提供一些离子通道受内皮细胞中CN信号传导影响的证据。还将重点关注涉及各种决定因素（例如磷酸二酯酶，EPAC和激酶锚定）的最新数据，这些决定因素使以前的范例复杂化甚至是挑战。