To control heat transfer between the solidifying shell and the water-cooled mold during continuous casting, the transition metal oxides, ZrO2, Y2O3, and Sc2O3, were separately added into the developed low-reactive CaO-Al2O3-based mold slags to investigate the effect on radiation heat transfer. Two kinds of master mold slags were taken into account, one included 18 pct Al2O3 and 18 pct SiO2, and the other one included 28 pct Al2O3 and 8 pct SiO2. The slag viscosity and melting temperature were measured with rotating cylinder viscometer and hemisphere-point method, respectively. The optical parameters of the slag films having different contents of transition metal oxides were measured by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and an optical-process model was constructed to consider the radiation from the shell surface and hot and cold sides of the solid films to the mold plate. When ZrO2, Y2O3, and Sc2O3 contents up to 4 pct, the viscosity at 1573 K fluctuated in the range of 0.05 Pa s, the melting temperature varied within a range of 15 K, except for the case of 2 pct Sc2O3, for which the melting temperature was 27 K lower than that of the master mold slag with 8 pct SiO2 and 28 pct Al2O3. The incorporation of the three transition metal oxides up to 4 pct did not have a notable effect on the viscosity or melting temperature. The addition of ZrO2 and Y2O3 effectively decreased the radiation, whereas Sc2O3 had no direct relationship with radiation. When the ZrO2 (Y2O3) concentration was increased from 0 to 4 pct, the reduction rate of radiation transfer was 26.6 pct (13.3 pct) for the mold slag containing 18 pct Al2O3 and 18 pct SiO2. The current study provides a new direction for developing low-reactive mold slag and reducing heat transfer during continuous casting.

中文翻译：

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过渡金属氧化物 ZrO2、Y2O3 和 Sc2O3 对低反应性 CaO-Al2O3 基结晶器渣辐射传热的影响

为了控制连铸过程中凝固壳和水冷结晶器之间的传热，将过渡金属氧化物 ZrO2、Y2O3 和 Sc2O3 分别添加到开发的低反应性 CaO-Al2O3 基结晶器渣中以研究其影响关于辐射传热。考虑了两种母模炉渣，一种包括 18% Al2O3 和 18% SiO2，另一种包括 28% Al2O3 和 8% SiO2。熔渣粘度和熔化温度分别用转筒粘度计和半球点法测量。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测量不同过渡金属氧化物含量的渣膜的光学参数，并构建了一个光学过程模型来考虑从壳表面和固体薄膜的冷热面到模板的辐射。当 ZrO2、Y2O3 和 Sc2O3 含量达到 4 pct 时，1573 K 的粘度在 0.05 Pa s 范围内波动，熔化温度在 15 K 范围内变化，除了 2 pct Sc2O3 的情况外，对于熔化温度比含 8% SiO2 和 28% Al2O3 的母模炉渣的熔化温度低 27 K。最多 4% 的三种过渡金属氧化物的掺入对粘度或熔化温度没有显着影响。添加 ZrO2 和 Y2O3 有效地降低了辐射，而 Sc2O3 与辐射没有直接关系。当 ZrO2 (Y2O3) 浓度从 0 pct 增加到 4 pct 时，辐射转移的减少率为 26。6 pct (13.3 pct) 用于含有 18 pct Al2O3 和 18 pct SiO2 的结晶器渣。目前的研究为开发低反应性结晶器渣和减少连铸过程中的传热提供了新的方向。