This work discusses 3D models of current distribution in a three-phase submerged arc furnace that contains several components, such as electrodes, central arcs, craters, crater walls, and side arcs that connect electrodes and crater walls. A complete modeling approach requires time-dependent modeling of the AC electromagnetic fields and current distribution, while an approximation using a static DC approach enables a significant reduction in computational time. By comparing results for current and power distributions inside an industrial submerged arc furnace from the AC and DC solvers of the ANSYS Maxwell module, the merits and limitations of using the simpler and faster DC approach are estimated. The conclusion is that although effects such as skin effect and proximity are lost with the DC approach, the difference in the location of energy dissipation is within a 6 pct margin. The given inaccuracies introduced with an assumption about furnace configuration and physical properties are significantly more important for the overall result. Unless inductive effects are of particular interest, DC may often be sufficient.

中文翻译：

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基于电流和功率分布的埋弧炉交直流求解器的比较研究

这项工作讨论了三相埋弧炉中电流分布的 3D 模型，该炉包含多个组件，例如电极、中心弧、弧坑、弧坑壁以及连接电极和弧坑壁的侧弧。完整的建模方法需要对 AC 电磁场和电流分布进行时间相关建模，而使用静态 DC 方法的近似可以显着减少计算时间。通过比较来自 ANSYS Maxwell 模块的交流和直流求解器的工业埋弧炉内电流和功率分布的结果，可以估计使用更简单、更快速的直流方法的优点和局限性。结论是，虽然 DC 方法丢失了趋肤效应和接近等效应，能量耗散位置的差异在 6 pct 范围内。由关于熔炉配置和物理特性的假设引入的给定不准确度对于整体结果明显更为重要。除非对感应效应特别感兴趣，否则 DC 通常就足够了。