Eye drops are the most common and inexpensive approach to topical ocular drug delivery. Eye drops offer a noninvasive treatment strategy; however, this can be detrimental to therapeutic efficacy when compared to invasive methods such as surgeries, implants, and injections. Improvements to the efficacy of the topical delivery of drugs to ocular tissues are currently being explored and much of this work centers on adjusting the formulation of the eye drops and prolonging the bioavailability of the therapeutic agent. This is often in preference to improving other patient‐focused or clinical factors. In this progress report, conventional, commercially available polymer eye drops are explored and the ability for current and future innovations to maintain the existing benefits of eye drops to the patient is assessed. The final materials and form of the drops (liquid, gel, or other) and the immunological implications for the user are explored. There is currently no consensus for how to most effectively improve the ocular retention and drug delivery capabilities of eye drops, but key issues are highlighted in the context of current methods under development, and potential questions and considerations for future innovations are raised.

中文翻译：

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滴眼剂配方的材料，免疫学和实用观点

滴眼液是局部眼部药物递送的最常见且最廉价的方法。眼药水提供了一种非侵入性的治疗策略。但是，与外科手术，植入物和注射剂等侵入性方法相比，这可能会损害治疗效果。当前正在探索改善药物向眼组织的局部递送的功效，并且该工作的大部分集中在调整滴眼剂的配方和延长治疗剂的生物利用度上。这通常优先于改善其他以患者为中心或临床因素。在该进展报告中，研究了常规的可商购的聚合物滴眼剂，并评估了当前和未来创新保持滴眼剂对患者的现有益处的能力。探索了滴剂（液体，凝胶或其他）的最终材料和形式以及对使用者的免疫学意义。对于如何最有效地改善滴眼剂的眼部保留和药物传递能力，目前尚无共识，但在当前正在开发的方法中突出了关键问题，并提出了潜在的问题和对未来创新的考虑。