Sharding is a method for allocating data items to nodes of a distributed caching or storage system based on the result of a hash function computed on the item’s identifier. It is ubiquitously used in key-value stores, CDNs and many other applications. Despite considerable work that has focused on the design and implementation of such systems, there is limited understanding of their performance in realistic operational conditions from a theoretical standpoint. In this paper we fill this gap by providing a thorough modeling of sharded caching systems, focusing particularly on load balancing and caching performance aspects. Our analysis provides important insights that can be applied to optimize the design and configuration of sharded caching systems.

中文翻译：

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分片系统的负载不平衡和缓存性能

分片是一种根据在项目的标识符上计算出的哈希函数的结果，将数据项分配给分布式缓存或存储系统的节点的方法。它广泛用于键值存储，CDN和许多其他应用程序。尽管已将大量工作集中在此类系统的设计和实现上，但从理论的角度来看，人们对它们在实际操作条件下的性能了解有限。在本文中，我们通过提供分片式缓存系统的完整模型来填补这一空白，特别关注负载平衡和缓存性能方面。我们的分析提供了重要的见解，可用于优化分片缓存系统的设计和配置。