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Disaggregated Data Centers: Challenges and Trade-offs
IEEE Communications Magazine ( IF 11.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-01 , DOI: 10.1109/mcom.001.1900612
Rui Lin , Yuxin Cheng , Marilet De Andrade , Lena Wosinska , Jiajia Chen

Disaggregated data centers (DCs) can offer high flexibility for resource allocation; hence, their resource utilization can be significantly improved. However, communications between different types of resources, in particular between CPU and memory, in fully disaggregated DCs face severe problems in terms of stringent requirements for ultra-low latency and ultra-high transmission bandwidth. Optical fiber communication is promising to provide high capacity and low latency, but it is still challenging for the state-of-the-art optical technologies to meet the requirements of fully disaggregated DCs. In this article, different levels of resource disaggregation are investigated. For fully disaggregated DCs, two architectural options are presented, where optical interconnects are necessary for the CPU-memory communications. We review the state-of-the-art optical transmission and switching technologies, and analyze pros and cons of their applicability in the disaggregated DCs. The results reveal that resource disaggregation does improve the resource utilization in DCs. However, the bandwidth provided by the state-of-the-art technologies is not always sufficient for fully disaggregated DCs. It calls for further advances in optical communications to fully utilize the advantages of fully disaggregated DCs.

中文翻译:

分解数据中心:挑战与权衡

分散的数据中心(DC)可以为资源分配提供高度的灵活性;因此,它们的资源利用率可以显着提高。然而,在完全分解的数据中心中,不同类型资源之间的通信,特别是 CPU 和内存之间的通信,在对超低延迟和超高传输带宽的严格要求方面面临着严重的问题。光纤通信有望提供高容量和低延迟,但最先进的光技术要满足完全分解的数据中心的要求仍然具有挑战性。在本文中,研究了不同级别的资源分解。对于完全分解的 DC,提供了两种架构选项,其中 CPU 内存通信需要光互连。我们回顾了最先进的光传输和交换技术,并分析了它们在分解 DC 中的适用性的利弊。结果表明,资源分解确实提高了 DC 的资源利用率。然而,最先进的技术提供的带宽对于完全分解的 DC 来说并不总是足够的。它呼吁在光通信方面取得进一步进展,以充分利用完全分解的 DC 的优势。
更新日期:2020-02-01
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