PLC superimposes high-frequency data signals ranging from a few hundred Hertz to hundreds of megahertz over the low-frequency electrical power carriers to reuse the existing power lines for communication purposes. Across various indoor and outdoor PLC application scenarios, the electromagnetic compatibility restrictions and the low-pass nature of power line channels restrict the data rate gains that can be furthered by conventional means of increasing power and/ or bandwidth. In this article, we provide an overview of IBFD operation as a means to improve PLC under these constraints, by potentially doubling the spectral efficiency through simultaneous signal transmission and reception in the same frequency band and over the same power line. We summarize the recent advancements in IBFD solutions for both narrowband and broadband PLC and contrast the design considerations to those in existing IBFD methods in other communications systems. We also highlight the benefits of IBFD operation to PLC networks in easing PLC network congestion, ensuring electromagnetic compatibility of PLC across application scenarios, and obtaining added insights in the context of smartgrid monitoring and security using simultaneous bidirectional communication.

中文翻译：

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全双工电力线通信：从多媒体到智能电网的设计和应用

PLC 在低频电力载波上叠加数百赫兹到数百兆赫兹的高频数据信号，以重新使用现有的电力线进行通信。在各种室内和室外 PLC 应用场景中，电力线通道的电磁兼容性限制和低通特性限制了数据速率增益，而数据速率增益可以通过增加功率和/或带宽的传统方法进一步提高。在本文中，我们概述了 IBFD 操作作为在这些约束下改进 PLC 的一种手段，通过在同一频带和同一电力线上同时传输和接收信号，潜在地将频谱效率加倍。我们总结了窄带和宽带 PLC IBFD 解决方案的最新进展，并将设计考虑与其他通信系统中现有 IBFD 方法的设计考虑进行了对比。我们还强调了 IBFD 操作对 PLC 网络的好处，在缓解 PLC 网络拥塞、确保 PLC 跨应用场景的电磁兼容性以及使用同步双向通信在智能电网监控和安全方面获得更多见解。