Biopolymers are highly designable and are often used in biosensing processes. As a biopolymer, a nucleic acid not only has excellent programmability and biocompatibility, but also has a certain molecular recognition function that can directly realize biological recognition in biosensors. However, the structural variety of natural nucleotides hinders the designability of nucleic acid biopolymers. The introduction of chemical modifications in nucleic acids can enrich the designability of nucleic acid biopolymers, thereby expanding their applications in biosensing. To date, there have been many reviews paying attention to biopolymers used in biosensing, but few reviews have focused on chemically modified nucleic acid biopolymers. Here, we review different kinds of assemblies based on chemically modified nucleic acid biopolymers. We summarize their advances in the field of biosensing. Furthermore, we present challenges and prospects in this field, aiming to provide a promising step for a versatile biosensor platform based on chemically modified nucleic acid biopolymers.

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用于生物传感的化学修饰的核酸生物聚合物

生物聚合物是高度可设计的，通常用于生物传感过程。核酸作为一种生物聚合物，不仅具有出色的可编程性和生物相容性，而且具有一定的分子识别功能，可以直接在生物传感器中实现生物识别。然而，天然核苷酸的结构多样性阻碍了核酸生物聚合物的可设计性。在核酸中引入化学修饰可以丰富核酸生物聚合物的可设计性，从而扩大其在生物传感中的应用。迄今为止，已有许多评论关注用于生物传感的生物聚合物，但是很少有评论关注化学修饰的核酸生物聚合物。在这里，我们回顾基于化学修饰的核酸生物聚合物的不同种类的程序集。我们总结了他们在生物传感领域的进展。此外，我们提出了该领域的挑战和前景，旨在为基于化学修饰的核酸生物聚合物的多功能生物传感器平台提供有希望的步骤。