Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the levels of interleukin-18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in gingival crevicular fluid of diabetic children with gingivitis.

Methodology

Eighty-eight children (44 with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 44 systemically healthy) were recruited for the study. The children were divided into four subgroups based on their periodontal and systemic condition: (1) systemically and periodontally healthy children (H), (2) systemically healthy children with gingivitis (G), (3) periodontally healthy children with T1DM (T1DM + H), and (4) children with T1DM and gingivitis (T1DM + G). The plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and GCF volume were recorded. The IL-18 and TNF-α levels in GCF were determined by ELISA.

Results

The clinical periodontal parameters, GCF IL-18 level, and TNF-α level were similar between diabetic and systemically healthy children (p > 0.05). The gingivitis subgroups had a significantly higher GI, PI, PPD, GCF volume, and TNF-α total amounts than the H subgroups (p < 0.0001). The IL-18 concentrations in the gingivitis subgroups were significantly lower than in the periodontally healthy subgroups.

Conclusions

In diabetic children with good metabolic control, T1DM did not affect the GCF levels of IL-18 and TNF-α in the presence of gingivitis. However, increased GCF TNF-α levels in children with gingivitis confirm that TNF-α is closely related to gingival inflammation.

Clinical relevance

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is not associated with GCF interleukin-18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in children with gingivitis.

中文翻译：

---

1型糖尿病牙龈炎儿童的龈沟液白细胞介素18和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平。

目的

本研究旨在评估糖尿病性牙龈炎患儿龈沟液中白细胞介素18和肿瘤坏死因子-α的水平。

方法

该研究招募了88名儿童（44名1型糖尿病和44名系统健康）。根据他们的牙周和全身状况将儿童分为四个亚组：（1）全身和牙周健康的儿童（H），（2）患有牙龈炎的全身健康的儿童（G），（3）患有T1DM（T1DM + H），以及（4）患有T1DM和牙龈炎（T1DM + G）的儿童。记录菌斑指数，牙龈指数，探查袋深度和GCF体积。通过ELISA测定GCF中的IL-18和TNF-α水平。

结果

糖尿病和全身健康儿童的临床牙周参数，GCF IL-18水平和TNF-α水平相似（p  > 0.05）。牙龈炎亚组的GI，PI，PPD，GCF体积和TNF-α总量明显高于H亚组（p  <0.0001）。牙龈炎亚组的IL-18浓度显着低于牙周健康亚组。

结论

在患有良好代谢控制的糖尿病儿童中，在存在牙龈炎的情况下，T1DM不会影响IL-18和TNF-α的GCF水平。然而，牙龈炎患儿的GCFTNF-α水平升高证实了TNF-α与牙龈炎症密切相关。

临床相关性

1型糖尿病与牙龈炎患儿的GCF白细胞介素18和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平无关。