For nearly a decade, the metazoan-focused research community has explored the impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on marine animals, noting that changes in ocean chemistry can impact calcification, metabolism, acid-base regulation, stress response and behavior in organisms that hold high ecological and economic value. Because OA interacts with several key physiological processes in marine organisms, transcriptomics has become a widely-used method to characterize whole organism responses on a molecular level as well as inform mechanisms that explain changes in phenotypes observed in response to OA. In the past decade, there has been a notable rise in studies that examine transcriptomic responses to OA in marine metazoans, and here we attempt to summarize key findings across these studies. We find that organisms vary dramatically in their transcriptomic responses to pH although common patterns are often observed, including shifts in acid-base ion regulation, metabolic processes, calcification and stress response mechanisms. We also see a rise in transcriptomic studies examining organismal response to OA in a multi-stressor context, often reporting synergistic effects of OA and temperature. In addition, there is an increase in studies that use transcriptomics to examine the evolutionary potential of organisms to adapt to OA conditions in the future through population and transgenerational experiments. Overall, the literature reveals complex organismal responses to OA, in which some organisms will face more dramatic consequences than others. This will have wide-reaching impacts on ocean communities and ecosystems as a whole.

中文翻译：

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海洋酸化促进海洋后生动物中广泛的转录反应：一项文献调查。

近十年来，以后生动物为重点的研究团体探索了海洋酸化（OA）对海洋动物的影响，并指出海洋化学的变化会影响钙化，代谢，酸碱调节，应激反应和生物的行为。高的生态和经济价值。由于OA与海洋生物中的几个关键生理​​过程相互作用，因此转录组学已成为在分子水平上表征整个生物反应并提供解释对OA响应所观察到的表型变化的机制的广泛使用的方法。在过去的十年中，研究海洋后生动物对OA的转录组反应的研究有了显着的增长，在这里我们试图总结这些研究中的关键发现。我们发现，尽管经常观察到常见的模式，包括对酸碱离子调节，代谢过程，钙化和应激反应机制的改变，生物体对pH的转录反应有很大不同。我们还发现，在多应激环境下研究有机体对OA的反应的转录组学研究有所增加，经常报道OA和温度的协同作用。另外，使用转录组学研究生物体未来通过种群和跨代实验适应OA条件的进化潜力的研究也在增加。总体而言，文献揭示了复杂的有机体对OA的反应，其中某些生物将比其他有机体面临更严重的后果。这将对整个海洋社区和整个生态系统产生深远的影响。