Deficits in social cognition have been proposed as a marker of schizophrenia. Growing evidence suggests especially hyperfunctioning of the right posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) in response to neutral social stimuli reflecting the neural correlates of social-cognitive impairments in schizophrenia. We characterized healthy participants according to schizotypy (n = 74) and the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs1344706 in ZNF804A (n = 73), as they represent risk variants for schizophrenia from the perspectives of personality traits and genetics, respectively. A social-cognitive fMRI task was applied to investigate the association of right pSTS hyperfunctioning in response to neutral face stimuli with schizotypy and rs1344706. Higher right pSTS activation in response to neutral facial expressions was found in individuals with increased positive (trend) and disorganization symptoms, as well as in carriers of the risk allele of rs1344706. In addition, a positive association between right-left pSTS connectivity and disorganization symptoms during neutral face processing was revealed. Although these findings warrant replication, we suggest that right pSTS hyperfunctioning in response to neutral facial expressions presents an endophenotype of schizophrenia. We assume that right pSTS hyperfunctioning is a vulnerability to perceive neutral social stimuli as emotionally or intentionally salient, probably contributing to the emergence of symptoms of schizophrenia.

中文翻译：

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响应中性面部表情的右后颞上颞沟功能亢进呈现精神分裂症的内表型。

社会认知的缺陷被认为是精神分裂症的标志。越来越多的证据表明，对中性社交刺激的反应尤其是右后颞上颞沟（pSTS）功能亢进，反映了精神分裂症社交认知障碍的神经相关性。我们根据精神分裂症（n = 74）和ZNF804A（n = 73）中的单核苷酸多态性rs1344706（n = 73）对健康参与者进行了表征，因为他们分别从人格特征和遗传学角度代表了精神分裂症的风险变异。一项社会认知功能性核磁共振成像任务用于研究对中性面部刺激与精神分裂症和rs1344706响应而引起的右pSTS功能亢进的关联。在具有阳性（趋势）和混乱症状增加的个体以及rs1344706风险等位基因的携带者中发现了响应中性面部表情的较高的右pSTS激活。此外，揭示了中性面部处理过程中左右pSTS连通性和混乱症状之间的正相关。尽管这些发现值得复制，但我们建议响应中性面部表情的正确pSTS功能亢进会呈现精神分裂症的内表型。我们假设正确的pSTS功能亢进是一个容易将中性社交刺激视为情感或故意显着特征的脆弱性，这可能会导致精神分裂症症状的出现。揭示了在中性面部处理过程中左右pSTS连接性与混乱症状之间存在正相关。尽管这些发现值得复制，但我们建议响应中性面部表情的正确pSTS功能亢进会呈现精神分裂症的内表型。我们假设正确的pSTS功能亢进是一个容易将中性社交刺激视为情感或故意显着特征的脆弱性，这可能会导致精神分裂症症状的出现。揭示了在中性面部处理过程中左右pSTS连接性与混乱症状之间存在正相关。尽管这些发现值得复制，但我们建议响应中性面部表情的正确pSTS功能亢进会呈现精神分裂症的内表型。我们假设正确的pSTS功能亢进是一个容易将中性社交刺激视为情感或故意显着特征的脆弱性，这可能会导致精神分裂症症状的出现。