Cabbage Fusarium wilt (CFW) disease, caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (Foc), threatens cabbage production worldwide. We aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of CFW resistance and the avirulence/virulence factors of Foc. The resistant ‘96–100’ and susceptible ‘01–20’ cabbage lines were examined histologically and in RNA-seq analyses. The key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways of both the host and fungus were determined via bioinformatics databases and tools. After inoculation, Foc began to colonize in the root of 01–20 at approximately 3 dpi and almost covered the root at 9 dpi, while the colonization was inhibited in 96–100. 96,142 and 3152 unigenes were generated for cabbage and Foc, respectively, by de novo assembly. For cabbage, there were 42,056 and 37,346 DEGs in 01–20 and 96–100 at all time points. Plant-pathogen interaction (map04626) was the major enrichment pathway among the DEGs. Many NBS-LRR genes and WRKY transcription factors were identified with different expression levels between 96 and 100 and 01–20. For Foc, 977 upregulated genes and 113 downregulated genes were identified, and the pathway of ribosome (map03010) was greatly enriched. There were 1 potential effectors, 2 elicitors and 6 virulence factors with increased or decreased transcript abundance among Foc DEGs, which deserved further functional validation. The RNA-seq data were further validated by qRT-PCR. Our results provide a distinct dual transcriptomic landscape to reveal the molecular mechanisms of cabbage resistance to Foc, and expand our understanding of the interaction between plant hosts and their fungal pathogens.

中文翻译：

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时间分辨双转录组分析揭示了甘蓝（Brassica oleracea）和尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum f）之间相容/不相容相互作用背后的分子调控网络。sp. 粘蛋白

卷心菜枯萎病 (CFW) 病害，由土传真菌尖孢镰刀菌 f. 引起。sp. conglutinans (Foc)，威胁着全世界的卷心菜生产。我们旨在探索CFW抗性的分子机制和Foc的无毒/毒力因子。抗性'96-100'和易感'01-20'卷心菜品系进行了组织学检查和RNA-seq分析。通过生物信息学数据库和工具确定宿主和真菌的关键差异表达基因 (DEG) 和途径。接种后，Foc在3 dpi左右开始在01-20的根部定植，9 dpi时几乎覆盖根部，而在96-100时定植受到抑制。通过从头组装，分别为卷心菜和 Foc 生成了 96,142 和 3152 个 unigenes。对于卷心菜，分别为 42,056 和 37，在所有时间点 01-20 和 96-100 中均为 346°。植物病原体相互作用 (map04626) 是 DEG 之间的主要富集途径。许多 NBS-LRR 基因和 WRKY 转录因子被鉴定为在 96 和 100 和 01-20 之间具有不同的表达水平。对于Foc，鉴定了977个上调基因和113个下调基因，极大地丰富了核糖体通路（map03010）。Foc DEGs 中有 1 个潜在效应子、2 个诱导子和 6 个毒力因子的转录本丰度增加或减少，值得进一步的功能验证。RNA-seq 数据通过 qRT-PCR 进一步验证。我们的结果提供了一个独特的双重转录组学景观，以揭示卷心菜对 Foc 抗性的分子机制，并扩大我们对植物宿主与其真菌病原体之间相互作用的理解。