The effects of epigenetic modulation on secondary metabolite biosynthesis were investigated with five Aspergillus species cultured in the presence of either the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-azacitidine or the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat. With Aspergillus calidoustus and Aspergillus westerdijkiae, fermentation in the presence of vorinostat (100 μM) induced significant changes in secondary metabolite profile with examples of both induction and repression. We identified putative biosynthetic gene clusters for emericellamide in A. calidoustus and ochratoxin in A. westerdijkiae. A substantial induction in production levels was observed for two secondary metabolites: the diketopiperazine alkaloid phenylahistin in A. calidoustus and the polyketide penicillic acid in A. westerdijkiae, indicating the potential of epigenetic regulation for the activation of silent fungal biosynthetic pathways.

中文翻译：

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通过伏立诺他抑制组蛋白去乙酰化酶 (HDAC) 对白曲霉和韦氏曲霉的次级代谢物谱进行表观遗传调控。

在 DNA 甲基转移酶抑制剂 5-阿扎胞苷或组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂伏立诺他的存在下培养的五种曲霉属研究了表观遗传调节对次级代谢物生物合成的影响。对于 Aspergillus calidoustus 和 Aspergillus westerdijkiae，伏立诺他 (100 μM) 存在下的发酵诱导次级代谢物谱发生显着变化，包括诱导和抑制。我们确定了 A. calidoustus 中的 emericellamide 和 A. westerdijkiae 中的赭曲霉毒素的推定生物合成基因簇。观察到两种次生代谢物的产量水平显着提高：A. calidoustus 中的二酮哌嗪生物碱苯组氨酸和 A. westerdijkiae 中的聚酮化合物青霉酸，