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Ideal xenograft or a perfect bone substitute?-A retrospective review and analysis of the historical concept of ivory implants in orthopaedics.
International Orthopaedics ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s00264-020-04483-3
Bartek Szostakowski 1 , Marlene DeMaio 2, 3
Affiliation  

PURPOSE Surgical treatment of fractures has evolved with the development of anaesthesia in 1846. Experiments with different implants both organic and non-organic had led to introduction of sometimes extremely peculiar materials coming from different species like ox bone or elephant's ivory. The aim of this article is to present not widely known concept of ivory use in bone surgery that set its foot in the history of orthopaedics and laid foundations for orthobiologic reconstructions. METHODS Retrospective analysis of articles and books published between 1846 and 2017 that describe various examples of ivory application in the treatment of fresh fractures, non-unions and reconstruction of joints. RESULTS Our research shows that ivory to the surgical world was introduced by Friedrich Dieffenbach, founder of the modern plastic surgery. It was also used with different rate of success by many of the famous surgeons of the nineteenth and twentieth century to include Trendelenburg, Billroth, Volkmann, Paget and Hey Groves. Ivory was immensely popular in bone surgery and became material of choice demonstrating amazing biological properties and very low rate of infections. CONCLUSION Ivory has served well in successful treatment of various orthopaedic conditions for over 100 years. In this article, we are using history as a stepping stone to examine material that is not rejected by the body and promotes bony healing without increased infection or other complications. It is worth considering further analysis of historically acquired specimens for further development of materials for further orthopaedic fracture and reconstructive techniques.

中文翻译:

理想的异种移植还是理想的骨替代物?-骨科中象牙植入物的历史概念的回顾性回顾和分析。

目的骨折的手术治疗随着麻醉的发展而发展。1846年,使用有机和非有机不同植入物进行的实验导致引入了有时来自不同物种的异常特殊的材料,例如牛骨或象牙。本文的目的是介绍在骨外科领域尚不为人所知的象牙使用概念,它在整形外科的历史中立足并为整形外科的重建奠定基础。方法回顾性分析1846年至2017年间发表的文章和书籍,这些文章和书籍描述了象牙在治疗新鲜骨折,不愈合和关节重建中的各种应用实例。结果我们的研究表明,现代整形外科的创始人Friedrich Dieffenbach将象牙引入了外科世界。19世纪和20世纪许多著名的外科医生,包括特伦德伦堡,比尔罗斯,沃尔克曼,佩吉特和黑格罗夫斯,也以不同的成功率使用了它。象牙在骨外科手术中非常受欢迎,并成为证明其惊人的生物学特性和极低感染率的首选材料。结论象牙质在成功治疗各种骨科疾病方面已有100多年的历史。在本文中,我们将历史作为垫脚石,检查不会被人体排斥并促进骨愈合而不增加感染或其他并发症的材料。值得考虑的是对历史获得的标本进行进一步分析,以进一步开发用于进一步的骨科骨折和重建技术的材料。
更新日期:2020-02-13
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