A plant pan-genome immunity landscape Plant pathogens elicit an immune response through effector proteins. In turn, plant genomes encode genes that determine species-specific recognition of these effectors by a process known collectively as effector-triggered immunity (ETI). By examining a range of strains of the pathogen Pseudomonas syringae that infect the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, Laflamme et al. generated a P. syringae Type III Effector Compendium (PsyTEC) and in turn identified the genes responsible for ETI in Arabidopsis. This pan-genome analysis revealed that relatively few A. thaliana genes are responsible for recognizing the majority of P. syringae effectors. These results provide insight into why most pathogenic microbes only infect specific plant species. Science, this issue p. 763 Effector-triggered immunity in plants contributes to broad-spectrum pathogen resistance in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Effector-triggered immunity (ETI), induced by host immune receptors in response to microbial effectors, protects plants against virulent pathogens. However, a systematic study of ETI prevalence against species-wide pathogen diversity is lacking. We constructed the Pseudomonas syringae Type III Effector Compendium (PsyTEC) to reduce the pan-genome complexity of 5127 unique effector proteins, distributed among 70 families from 494 strains, to 529 representative alleles. We screened PsyTEC on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and identified 59 ETI-eliciting alleles (11.2%) from 19 families (27.1%), with orthologs distributed among 96.8% of P. syringae strains. We also identified two previously undescribed host immune receptors, including CAR1, which recognizes the conserved effectors AvrE and HopAA1, and found that 94.7% of strains harbor alleles predicted to be recognized by either CAR1 or ZAR1.

中文翻译：

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宿主-病原体相互作用的泛基因组效应器触发的免疫景观

植物泛基因组免疫景观 植物病原体通过效应蛋白引发免疫反应。反过来，植物基因组编码的基因通过统称为效应器触发免疫 (ETI) 的过程确定这些效应器的物种特异性识别。通过检查一系列感染模式植物拟南芥的病原体丁香假单胞菌菌株，Laflamme 等人。生成了丁香假单胞菌 III 型效应器纲要 (PsyTEC)，并反过来确定了在拟南芥中负责 ETI 的基因。这种泛基因组分析表明，相对较少的拟南芥基因负责识别大多数丁香假单胞菌效应物。这些结果提供了为什么大多数病原微生物只感染特定植物物种的见解。科学，这个问题 p。763 植物中效应子触发的免疫有助于模式植物拟南芥的广谱病原体抗性。效应子触发免疫 (ETI) 由宿主免疫受体响应微生物效应子诱导，保护植物免受有毒病原体的侵害。然而，缺乏针对物种范围病原体多样性的 ETI 流行率的系统研究。我们构建了丁香假单胞菌 III 型效应蛋白纲要 (PsyTEC)，以将分布在 494 个菌株的 70 个家族中的 5127 个独特效应蛋白的泛基因组复杂性降低到 529 个代表性等位基因。我们在模式植物拟南芥上筛选了 PsyTEC，并从 19 个科 (27.1%) 中鉴定了 59 个 ETI 引发等位基因 (11.2%)，其中直向同源物分布在 96.8% 的丁香假单胞菌菌株中。