The development of highly active heterogeneous catalytic systems that catalyze formic acid (FA) to generate CO‐free H₂ holds great promise for future energy demands, but is often limited by the low catalytic activity and stability of metal catalysts under ambient conditions. It is thus highly desirable to rationally design a catalyst to boost the catalytic performance. Herein, a general room‐temperature HNO₃‐treatment approach (RTHTA) is developed to accomplish surface modification of various porous carbon materials for immobilizing ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs). A significantly enhanced catalytic performance of the immobilized Pd NPs toward the selective dehydrogenation of FA is achieved, which gives a record‐high turnover frequency of 13333 h⁻¹ at 60 °C, corresponding to a calculated H₂ generation rate of 50.8 L H₂ min⁻¹ g_Pd⁻¹. The results presented here may provide insight into the formation and stabilization of highly active immobilized metal nanoparticles, as well as the enhanced catalytic performance of Pd NPs for catalytic dehydrogenation reactions.

中文翻译：

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制备多孔碳以固定具有增强的甲酸脱氢催化活性的Pd纳米颗粒

能够催化甲酸（FA）生成不含CO的H ₂的高活性非均相催化体系的发展对未来的能源需求具有广阔的前景，但通常受限于环境条件下金属催化剂的低催化活性和稳定性。因此，非常需要合理地设计催化剂以提高催化性能。本文中，开发了一种通用的室温HNO ₃处理方法（RTHTA），以完成各种多孔碳材料的表面改性，以固定超细钯纳米颗粒（Pd NPs）。固定化的Pd NPs对FA选择性脱氢的催化性能显着增强，这提供了创纪录的13333 h ^-1的周转率在60°C下，对应于计算出的H ₂生成速率50.8 L H ₂  min ^-1  g _Pd ^-1。此处提供的结果可能为洞悉高活性固定化金属纳米粒子的形成和稳定性，以及增强Pd NPs催化脱氢反应的催化性能提供了见识。