Bread wheat sustains genes for grain softness on “Ha” locus of short arm of 5D chromosome. Pina-D1 and Pinb-D1 alleles of “Ha” locus together are responsible for soft grain texture of wheat. The wheat cultivar WL711 had wild type Pinb-D1a and mutated Pina allele, imparting hard kernel texture. A 5U-5A substitution line of Aegilops triuncialis had extra soft grains. Efforts were made to transfer puroindolines from Aegilops triuncialis 5U as 5U-5A substitution line BTC17 to its homeologous chromosome 5A of bread wheat. A total of 367 5U-5A substitution recombinants developed through induced homeologous pairing by ph1b deletion of Ph1 locus were screened for the presence of Pina and Pinb. Only 23 lines were found to have both Pina and Pinb. Grain hardness index of recombinants with functional puroindolines was reduced from 6 to 67%. Deletion mapping of wheat 5A chromosome specific SSR markers revealed the maintenance of synteny in 5U and 5A homeologous chromosomes and puroindolines were found to be translocated at the telomeric end of 5A short arm. Translocation of puroindolines from 5U was confirmed by sequencing of Pina and Pinb genes. The Pina nucleotide sequence was found 100% similar to Aegilops markgrafii (CC). Puroindoline proteins extracted from the selected softer lines exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Chromosome 5U puroindolines transferred to 5A may be pyramided with 5D of soft wheat to develop extra soft varieties for superior biscuit making quality.

中文翻译：

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通过诱导同源配对，将5U-5A小麦-埃及神庙替代品系的谷物柔软度转移至面包小麦

面包小麦在5D染色体短臂的“ Ha ”基因座上维持谷物柔软度的基因。“ Ha ”基因座的Pina -D1和Pinb -D1等位基因共同导致小麦的软粒质地。小麦品种WL711具有野生型Pinb -D1a和突变的Pina等位基因，具有坚硬的籽粒质地。的5U-5A代换系三芒山羊草有额外的软粒。努力将嘌呤二氢吲哚从作为5U-5A替代品系BTC17的三叶草（Aegilops triuncialis） 5U转移至面包小麦的同源染色体5A。通过ph1b诱导的同源配对开发了367个5U-5A取代重组子筛选缺失的Ph1基因位点是否存在Pina和Pinb。仅发现23条线同时具有Pina和Pinb。具有嘌呤二功能的重组子的谷物硬度指数从6％降低到67％。小麦5A染色体特异性SSR标记的缺失作图揭示了5U和5A同源染色体的同构性维持，并且嘌呤二氢吲哚被发现易位于5A短臂的端粒。通过对Pina和Pinb基因的测序证实了5U的嘌呤二氢吲哚易位。的翩核苷酸序列被发现类似于100％山羊markgrafii（CC）。从选定的较软系提取的Puroindoline蛋白对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌表现出显着的抗菌活性。转移到5A的5U紫嘌呤染色体可以与5D的软质小麦形成金字塔状，从而开发出额外的软质品种，以提高饼干的制作质量。