In this paper the aldol condensation of furfural (C5) with acetone (C3) over Ca/ZSM-5 was studied with lower dosages of water and acetone as compared to previous studies. It was observed that the formation of CaO over the catalyst is critical to catalyst activity and that the reaction may not occur without water. Although higher quantity of water was favorable for the formation of 4-(2-Furyl)-3-buten-2-one (C8), it was inhibitive for the formation of 1,5-bis-(2-furanyl)-1,4-pentadien-3-one (C13). Highest yields of C8 (38.4 mol%) and C13 (60.2 mol%) were obtained with C3-to-C5 mole ratio of 0.8:1, and water content of 29.7 wt%. The deactivated catalyst was further regenerated by re-loading CaO. An intrinsic kinetic model was established whereby the reaction was first-order dependent on the concentration of each reactant. The formation of 4-(2-furyl)-4‑hydroxy‑butan-2-one (C8-OH), and the C8-OH-to-C8 dehydration were essential steps. The reaction of C8-OH with C5 owned the highest activation energy (41.9 kJ/mol), this step was more sensitive to reaction temperature than those of other steps.

本文研究了糠醛（C5）与丙酮（C3）在Ca / ZSM-5上的羟醛缩合反应，与以前的研究相比，使用的水和丙酮的剂量较低。观察到在催化剂上形成CaO对于催化剂活性是至关重要的，并且没有水可能不会发生反应。尽管较高的水量有利于形成4-（2-Furyl）-3-buten-2-one（C8），但它却抑制了1,5-双-（2-呋喃基）-1的形成，4-戊二烯-3-一（C13）。C3-C5摩尔比为0.8：1，水含量为29.7 wt％，可获得最高产率的C8（38.4 mol％）和C13（60.2 mol％）。失活的催化剂通过重新加载CaO进一步再生。建立了内在动力学模型，由此反应是第一级的，取决于每种反应物的浓度。4-（2-呋喃基）-4-羟基丁-2--2-（C8-OH）的形成以及C8-OH-C8的脱水是必不可少的步骤。C8-OH与C5的反应具有最高的活化能（41.9 kJ / mol），该步骤对反应温度的敏感性高于其他步骤。