Radar with digitally generated orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals is an emerging research field that has been studied for the past few years. Another trend for radar is the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) architecture used for an efficient direction-of-arrival estimation. These two technologies can be efficiently combined into an OFDM-MIMO radar with novel interleaving concepts enabled by the multicarrier structure of OFDM. By multiplexing of transmit antennas via subcarrier interleaving, the whole bandwidth can be utilized by all transmit antennas simultaneously. In case of equidistant subcarrier interleaving, however, the unambiguously measurable distance range is reduced. To avoid this reduction, we propose an OFDM-MIMO radar concept with nonequidistant subcarrier interleaving (NeqSI) that maintains the full unambiguously measurable distance range. Since the NeqSI leads to sidelobes in distance estimation, we present an approach for generation of near-to-optimum nonequidistant interleaving patterns. To further complement the proposed concept, compressed sensing based distance–velocity estimation algorithm that achieves a high dynamic range in both distance and velocity dimensions is used. We study the performance of the presented concept in simulations and validate it by measurements with an OFDM-MIMO radar prototype.

中文翻译：

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具有优化非等距子载波交织的 OFDM-MIMO 雷达

具有数字生成正交频分复用 (OFDM) 信号的雷达是过去几年一直在研究的新兴研究领域。雷达的另一个趋势是用于有效到达方向估计的多输入多输出 (MIMO) 架构。这两种技术可以有效地结合到 OFDM-MIMO 雷达中，并通过 OFDM 的多载波结构实现新的交织概念。通过子载波交织复用发射天线，整个带宽可以同时被所有发射天线利用。然而，在等距副载波交织的情况下，可明确测量的距离范围会减小。为了避免这种减少，我们提出了一种具有非等距子载波交织 (NeqSI) 的 OFDM-MIMO 雷达概念，可保持完整的明确可测量距离范围。由于 NeqSI 导致距离估计中的旁瓣，我们提出了一种生成接近最优的非等距交织模式的方法。为了进一步补充所提出的概念，使用了基于压缩感知的距离-速度估计算法，该算法在距离和速度维度上都实现了高动态范围。我们在模拟中研究了所提出概念的性能，并通过使用 OFDM-MIMO 雷达原型进行测量来验证它。为了进一步补充所提出的概念，使用了基于压缩感知的距离-速度估计算法，该算法在距离和速度维度上都实现了高动态范围。我们在模拟中研究了所提出概念的性能，并通过使用 OFDM-MIMO 雷达原型进行测量来验证它。为了进一步补充所提出的概念，使用了基于压缩感知的距离-速度估计算法，该算法在距离和速度维度上都实现了高动态范围。我们在模拟中研究了所提出概念的性能，并通过使用 OFDM-MIMO 雷达原型进行测量来验证它。