Li–O₂ batteries, which have attracted great attention because of their high energy density, suffer from issues such as flammability of organic liquid electrolytes, corrosion of the Li anode and the shuttling effect of redox mediators. Using inorganic solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) can solve such issues. But high resistance at the SSE–electrode interfaces in these batteries hinders their further development. In this study, a “porous framework infiltrating (PFI)” concept is proposed. The framework is created on the surface of a garnet Li_6.4La₃Zr_1.4Ta_0.6O₁₂ (LLZTO) ceramic by acid etching. After infiltrating a tiny amount of liquid electrolyte, this framework exhibits nonflammability and is thus ideal for high-safety applications. Moreover, the porous structure increases the contact area between the SSE and cathode, which can lower the interfacial resistance and improve the rate capability. Utilizing a Li–Sn alloy anode, the PFI Li–O₂ battery exhibits smooth charging platforms with different rates, a prolonged cycle life and a promising round-trip efficiency. Therefore, the PFI structure provides a new strategy to build safe and high-performance Li–O₂ batteries.

中文翻译：

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渗透Li-O2电池的多孔框架：低电阻和高安全性系统

Li-O ₂电池由于其高能量密度而备受关注，其遭受的问题包括有机液体电解质的可燃性，锂阳极的腐蚀以及氧化还原介体的穿梭效应。使用无机固态电解质（SSE）可以解决此类问题。但是这些电池的SSE-电极界面处的高电阻阻碍了它们的进一步发展。在这项研究中，提出了“多孔框架渗透（PFI）”的概念。在石榴石的表面上创建框架Li _6.4 La ₃ Zr _1.4 Ta _0.6 O ₁₂（LLZTO）陶瓷通过酸蚀刻。在渗入少量液体电解质后，该框架显示出不易燃性，因此非常适合高安全性应用。而且，多孔结构增加了SSE和阴极之间的接触面积，这可以降低界面电阻并提高倍率能力。利用Li-Sn合金阳极，PFI Li-O ₂电池展现出平滑的充电平台，具有不同的速率，更长的循环寿命和有希望的往返效率。因此，PFI结构提供了一种构建安全，高性能Li–O ₂电池的新策略。