Abstract High temperature wear behaviour of selective laser melted (SLM) 316L stainless steel (SS) was studied to elucidate the influence of characteristic microstructure of SLM 316L SS on the wear properties. The wear tests were conducted from room temperature (RT) to 600 °C using ball-on-disc setup with alumina counter ball. The effect of temperature on the wear rate and the underlying mechanisms were evaluated and compared with conventional 316 SS. The RT coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate of SLM 316L SS and conventional 316 SS were 0.5 and 4.6 ± 0.4 x 10−4 mm3/Nm and 0.7 and 4.5 ± 0.1 x 10−4 mm3/Nm, respectively. The wear rate of conventional 316 SS slightly decreased with increasing temperature from 4.5 ± 0.1 x 10−4 mm3/Nm at RT to 3.2 ± 0.1 x 10−4 mm3/Nm at 300 °C, followed by increasing to 4.9 ± 0.4 x 10−4 mm3/Nm at 400 °C, while the wear rate of SLM 316L SS was twofold lower with 2.3 ± 0.6 x 10−4 mm3/Nm at 300 °C and 2.7 ± 0.3 x 10−4 mm3/Nm at 400 °C. The wear rate at 600 °C was found to be comparable between SLM 316L SS and conventional 316 SS with a wear rate of 6.4 ± 0.7 x 10−4 mm3/Nm and 6.6 ± 0.6 x 10−4 mm3/Nm, respectively. The lower wear rate in SLM 316L SS at higher temperatures of 300 °C and 400 °C was due to its stable hierarchical microstructure, cellular subgrains, formation of stable oxide glaze and higher hardness. Moreover, the cross-sectional microscopy of wear track after 600 °C wear tests showed that the deformation zone below the wear track in SLM 316L SS was 10–15 μm compared to 30–40 μm for conventional 316 SS. The two folds low wear rate of the SLM 316L SS at 300 °C and 400 °C compared to conventional 316 SS could potentially render it for usage in applications where high temperature wear resistant SS are needed.

中文翻译：

---

选择性激光熔化（SLM）316L不锈钢的高温摩擦学和磨损

摘要 研究了选择性激光熔化（SLM）316L不锈钢（SS）的高温磨损行为，阐明了SLM 316L SS的特征微观结构对磨损性能的影响。磨损测试是在室温 (RT) 到 600 °C 范围内进行的，使用带有氧化铝平衡球的球盘式装置。评估了温度对磨损率和潜在机制的影响，并与传统的 316 SS 进行了比较。SLM 316L SS 和传统 316 SS 的 RT 摩擦系数 (COF) 和磨损率分别为 0.5 和 4.6 ± 0.4 x 10−4 mm3/Nm 和 0.7 和 4.5 ± 0.1 x 10−4 mm3/Nm。常规 316 SS 的磨损率随温度升高而略有下降，从 RT 的 4.5 ± 0.1 x 10−4 mm3/Nm 到 300 °C 的 3.2 ± 0.1 x 10−4 mm3/Nm，然后增加到 4.9 ± 0.4 x 10 −4 mm3/Nm 在 400 °C，而 SLM 316L SS 的磨损率低两倍，300 °C 时为 2.3 ± 0.6 x 10−4 mm3/Nm，400 °C 时为 2.7 ± 0.3 x 10−4 mm3/Nm。发现 SLM 316L SS 和传统 316 SS 在 600 °C 下的磨损率相当，磨损率分别为 6.4 ± 0.7 x 10−4 mm3/Nm 和 6.6 ± 0.6 x 10−4 mm3/Nm。SLM 316L SS 在 300 °C 和 400 °C 的较高温度下的较低磨损率是由于其稳定的分级微观结构、蜂窝状亚晶粒、稳定的氧化釉形成和较高的硬度。此外，600 °C 磨损试验后磨损轨迹的横截面显微镜显示，SLM 316L SS 磨损轨迹下方的变形区为 10-15 μm，而传统 316 SS 为 30-40 μm。