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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Modulating Gut Microbiota to Improve Severity?
Gastroenterology ( IF 29.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-08 , DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.01.049
Judith Aron-Wisnewsky 1 , Moritz V Warmbrunn 2 , Max Nieuwdorp 3 , Karine Clément 4
Affiliation  

Gut microbiota plays a role in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases, which include nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, through the gut-liver axis. To date, clinical guidelines recommend a weight loss goal of 7%-10% to improve features of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. Because this target is not easily achieved by all patients, alternative therapeutic options are currently being evaluated. This review focuses on therapeutics that aim to modulate the gut microbiota and the gut-liver axis. We discuss how probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotic, fecal microbiota transfer, polyphenols, specific diets, and exercise interventions have been found to modify gut microbiota signatures; improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease outcomes; and detail, when available, the different mechanisms by which these beneficial outcomes might occur. Apart from probiotics that have already been tested in human randomized controlled trials, most of these potential therapeutics have been studied in animals. Their efficacy still warrants confirmation in humans using appropriate design.

中文翻译:

非酒精性脂肪肝疾病:调节肠道菌群以提高严重程度?

肠道菌群通过肠肝轴在包括非酒精性脂肪肝在内的新陈代谢疾病的病理生理中发挥作用。迄今为止,临床指南建议减肥目标为7%-10%,以改善非酒精性脂肪肝疾病的特征。由于并非所有患者都容易达到这一目标,因此目前正在评估其他治疗选择。这篇综述集中于旨在调节肠道菌群和肠肝轴的治疗方法。我们讨论了如何发现益生菌,益生元,合生元,粪便微生物群转移,多酚,特定饮食和运动干预措施来改变肠道微生物群的特征。改善非酒精性脂肪肝疾病的预后;和细节(如果有),这些有益结果可能会通过不同的机制发生。除了已经在人类随机对照试验中测试过的益生菌以外,大多数这些潜在的治疗方法都已在动物中进行了研究。它们的功效仍然值得使用适当的设计在人类中证实。
更新日期:2020-02-08
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