Functionally graded materials (FGMs) with porosity variation strategy mimicking natural bone are potential high-performance biomaterials for orthopedic implants. The architecture of FGM scaffold is critical to gain the favorable combination of mechanical and biological properties for osseointegration. In this study, four types of FGM scaffolds with different structures were prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) with Ti6Al4V as building material. All the scaffolds were hollow cylinders with different three-dimensional architectures and had gradient porosity resembling the graded-porous structure of human bone. Two unit cells (diamond and honeycomb-like unit cells) were used to construct the cellular structures. Solid support structures were embedded into the cellular structures to improve their mechanical performances. The physical characteristics, mechanical properties, and deformation behaviors of the scaffolds were compared systematically. All the as-built samples with porosities of ~52–67% exhibited a radial decreasing porosity from the inner layer to the outer layer, and their pore sizes ranged from ~420 to ~630 μm. The compression tests showed the Young's moduli of all the as-fabricated samples (~3.79–~10.99 GPa) were similar to that of cortical bone. The FGM structures built by honeycomb-like unit cells with supporting structure in outer layer exhibited highest yield strength, toughness and stable mechanical properties which is more appropriate to build orthopedic scaffolds for load-bearing application.

具有模拟天然骨骼的孔隙率变化策略的功能梯度材料（FGM）是整形外科植入物的潜在高性能生物材料。FGM支架的结构对于获得骨整合的机械和生物学特性的良好结合至关重要。在这项研究中，通过以Ti6Al4V为建筑材料的选择性激光熔化（SLM）制备了四种结构不同的FGM支架。所有的支架都是具有不同三维结构的空心圆柱体，并且具有类似于人骨的渐变多孔结构的梯度孔隙率。使用两个单位细胞（菱形和蜂窝状单位细胞）来构建细胞结构。固态支撑结构被嵌入到蜂窝结构中以改善其机械性能。系统地比较了脚手架的物理特性，力学性能和变形行为。孔隙度约为52-67％的所有竣工样品均显示出从内层到外层的径向孔隙率递减，其孔径范围为〜420至〜630μm。压缩测试表明，所有预制样品的杨氏模量（〜3.79 ~~ 10.99 GPa）都与皮质骨相似。由蜂窝状晶胞在外层具有支撑结构建造的FGM结构具有最高的屈服强度，韧性和稳定的机械性能，这更适合于建造用于承重应用的整形外科支架。孔隙度约为52-67％的所有竣工样品均显示出从内层到外层的径向孔隙率递减，其孔径范围为〜420至〜630μm。压缩测试表明，所有预制样品的杨氏模量（〜3.79 ~~ 10.99 GPa）都与皮质骨相似。由蜂窝状晶胞在外层具有支撑结构构建的FGM结构具有最高的屈服强度，韧性和稳定的机械性能，这更适合于构建用于承重应用的骨科支架。孔隙度约为52-67％的所有竣工样品均显示出从内层到外层的径向孔隙率递减，其孔径范围为〜420至〜630μm。压缩测试表明，所有预制样品的杨氏模量（〜3.79 ~~ 10.99 GPa）都与皮质骨相似。由蜂窝状晶胞在外层具有支撑结构建造的FGM结构具有最高的屈服强度，韧性和稳定的机械性能，这更适合于建造用于承重应用的整形外科支架。