Abstract

In this work, an experiment was conducted to investigate the cationic polymerization of isobutylene (IB) with AlCl₃ as the initiator; the experiment was carried out with C₄ mixed gas as the raw material. The initial content of IB in the mixed C₄ gas was 22% and the proportion of isobutylene in the mixed C₄ was changed later by continuously adding pure IB. A suitable amount of the co-initiator toluene (C₇H₈) and a nucleophile such as diethyl ether (C₄H₁₀O) or ethyl acetate (C₄H₈O₂) are suitably cited. We carried out experiments to investigate the effects of different initiator systems, different temperatures, different initiator additions, and other factors on polymerization products. The results show that we choose the initiation system: AlCl₃ is 1% of the mass of isobutylene, and the two nucleophiles of diethyl ether and ethyl acetate account for 8% and 10% of the mass of AlCl₃, respectively, at a reaction temperature of −30 °C, and the reaction time was controlled at 30 min. It is possible to obtain a relatively low molecular weight (Mn: 1000–4000) of a polyisobutylene product, a highly active polyisobutylene with a polydispersity coefficient (PDI) < 2.3 and an exo-olefin content of >70%. Through several experiments, we explored the impact of changing the experimental conditions on the polymerization products, and then provided a theoretical basis for the next industrial production.

中文翻译：

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AlCl 3引发​​异丁烯阳离子聚合的方法

摘要

在这项工作中，进行了一项实验，研究以AlCl ₃为引发剂的异丁烯（IB）的阳离子聚合。实验以C ₄混合气体为原料进行。混合的C ₄气体中IB的初始含量为22％，并且随后通过连续添加纯的IB来改变混合的C ₄中异丁烯的比例。适量的共引发剂甲苯（C ₇ H ₈）和亲核试剂，例如乙醚（C ₄ H ₁₀ O）或乙酸乙酯（C ₄ H ₈ O ₂）是适当引用的。我们进行了实验，以研究不同引发剂体系，不同温度，不同引发剂添加量以及其他因素对聚合产物的影响。结果表明，我们选择了引发体系：AlCl ₃占异丁烯质量的1％，乙醚和乙酸乙酯这两个亲核体占AlCl ₃质量的8％和10％反应温度分别为-30℃，反应时间控制在30分钟。可以获得相对较低的分子量（Mn：1000–4000）的聚异丁烯产品，高活性的聚异丁烯，其多分散系数（PDI）<2.3，且外烯烃含量> 70％。通过几次实验，我们探索了改变实验条件对聚合产物的影响，然后为下一步工业生产提供了理论基础。