Deeply infiltrative endometriosis (DIE) is a common gynecologic disease affecting women of reproductive age and often causing chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Clinical treatment options and preventive actions are ineffective due to the lack of knowledge about the etiology of DIE. Surgical treatment is currently the only alternative to eradicate the disease. Diagnostic imaging plays a crucial role for surgical planning and postoperative evaluation. Transvaginal sonography (TVS) with a dedicated protocol and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to evaluate recurrent disease. Extensive pelvic surgery may cause anatomical changes and a variable spectrum of postoperative findings. Residual disease and complications can be also evaluated and are of great importance to estimate pain relief and fertility prognosis. The most common imaging findings following radical surgery for DIE are fibrotic scars in the retrocervical space and bowel anastomosis, absence of the posterior vaginal fornix and loculated fluid in the pararectal spaces. Ovaries are the most frequent site of early recurrence. Complications include infection, hemorrhage, urinary/evacuatory voiding dysfunctions as well as bowel and ureteral stenosis. The purpose of this article is to review the surgical techniques currently used to treat endometriosis in the retrocervical space, vagina, bladder, bowel, ureters, and ovaries and to describe the most common imaging findings including normal aspects, residual disease, complications, and recurrence.

中文翻译：

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腹腔镜手术后深部浸润性子宫内膜异位症的术后影像学表现。

深层浸润性子宫内膜异位症（DIE）是一种常见的妇科疾病，会影响育龄妇女，并经常引起慢性盆腔疼痛和不孕症。由于缺乏有关DIE病因的知识，临床治疗选择和预防措施均无效。目前，手术治疗是根除该病的唯一替代方法。诊断成像对于手术计划和术后评估起着至关重要的作用。经阴道超声检查（TVS）具有专用协议和磁共振成像（MRI）可用于评估复发性疾病。广泛的骨盆手术可能会导致解剖学改变和术后发现变化。残留疾病和并发症也可以进行评估，对于评估疼痛缓解和生育预后非常重要。DIE根治性手术后最常见的影像学发现是宫颈后腔间隙纤维化瘢痕和肠吻合，阴道后穹absence缺失以及直肠旁间隙中没有积液。卵巢是早期复发的最常见部位。并发症包括感染，出血，尿液/排尿功能障碍以及肠和输尿管狭窄。本文的目的是回顾当前用于治疗宫颈后腔，阴道，膀胱，肠，输尿管和卵巢中的子宫内膜异位症的外科技术，并描述最常见的影像学表现，包括正常方面，残留疾病，并发症和复发。阴道后间隙不存在，直肠旁间隙中没有积液。卵巢是早期复发的最常见部位。并发症包括感染，出血，排尿功能/排尿功能障碍以及肠和输尿管狭窄。本文的目的是回顾当前用于治疗宫颈后腔，阴道，膀胱，肠，输尿管和卵巢中的子宫内膜异位症的外科技术，并描述最常见的影像学表现，包括正常方面，残留疾病，并发症和复发。阴道后间隙不存在，直肠旁间隙中没有积液。卵巢是早期复发的最常见部位。并发症包括感染，出血，排尿功能/排尿功能障碍以及肠和输尿管狭窄。本文的目的是回顾当前用于治疗宫颈后腔，阴道，膀胱，肠，输尿管和卵巢的子宫内膜异位症的外科技术，并描述最常见的影像学表现，包括正常方面，残留疾病，并发症和复发。