Kingella kingae is a gram-negative coccobacillus that is a fastidious commensal organism in the oropharynx and is being recognized increasingly as a common cause of osteoarticular infections and other invasive diseases in young children. The pathogenesis of K. kingae disease begins with bacterial adherence to respiratory epithelium, followed by translocation across the epithelial barrier, survival in the bloodstream, and dissemination to distant sites, including bones, joints, and the endocardium, among others. Characterization of the determinants of K. kingae pathogenicity has revealed a novel model of adherence that involves the interplay of type IV pili, a non-pilus adhesin, and a polysaccharide capsule and a novel model of resistance to serum killing and neutrophil killing that involves complementary functions of a polysaccharide capsule and an exopolysaccharide. These models likely apply to other bacterial pathogens as well.

中文翻译：

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新兴病原体 Kingella kingae 的毒力决定因素。

Kingella kingae 是一种革兰氏阴性球杆菌，是口咽部的一种挑剔的共生生物，越来越多地被认为是幼儿骨关节感染和其他侵袭性疾病的常见原因。K. kingae 病的发病机制始于细菌对呼吸道上皮的粘附，随后易位穿过上皮屏障，在血流中存活，并传播到远处部位，包括骨骼、关节和心内膜等。K. kingae 致病性决定因素的表征揭示了一种新的粘附模型，该模型涉及 IV 型菌毛（一种非菌毛粘附素）的相互作用，以及多糖胶囊和抗血清杀伤和中性粒细胞杀伤的新模型，涉及多糖胶囊和胞外多糖的互补功能。这些模型也可能适用于其他细菌病原体。