OBJECTIVE To estimate national and international temporal trends in handgrip strength for children and adolescents, and to examine relationships between trends in handgrip strength and trends in health-related and sociodemographic indicators. METHODS Data were obtained through a systematic search of studies reporting temporal trends in the handgrip strength for apparently healthy 9-17-year-olds, and by examining large national fitness datasets. Temporal trends at the country-sex-age level were estimated by sample-weighted regression models relating the year of testing to mean handgrip strength. International and national trends were estimated by a post-stratified population-weighting procedure. Pearson's correlations quantified relationships between national trends in handgrip strength and national trends in health-related/sociodemographic indicators. RESULTS 2,216,320 children and adolescents from 13 high-, 5 upper-middle-, and 1 low-income countries/special administrative regions between 1967 and 2017 collectively showed a moderate improvement of 19.4% (95% CI 18.4-20.4) or 3.8% per decade (95% CI 3.6-4.0). The international rate of improvement progressively increased over time, with more recent values (post-2000) close to two times larger than those from the 1960s/1970s. Improvements were larger for children (9-12 years) compared to adolescents (13-17 years), and similar for boys and girls. Trends differed between countries, with relationships between national trends in handgrip strength and national trends in health-related/sociodemographic indicators negligible-to-weak and not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS There has been a substantial improvement in absolute handgrip strength for children and adolescents since 1967. There is a need for improved international surveillance of handgrip strength, especially in low- and middle-income countries, to more confidently determine true international trends. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42013003657.

中文翻译：

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1967年至2017年期间2,216,320名儿童和青少年的握力强度的时间趋势的系统分析。

目的估算儿童和青少年握力强度的国家和国际时间趋势，并研究握力强度的趋势与健康相关指标和社会人口统计学指标之间的关系。方法数据是通过系统地搜索研究报告的，这些研究报告了似乎健康的9-17岁儿童的握力强度的时间趋势，并通过检查了大型国民健身数据集。国家性别年龄的时间趋势是通过样本加权回归模型估算的，该模型将测试年份与平均握力相关联。国际和国家趋势是通过分层人口加权程序估算的。皮尔逊 的相关性量化了把手强度的国家趋势与健康相关/社会人口统计学指标的国家趋势之间的关系。结果1967年至2017年之间，来自13个高收入国家，5个中高收入国家和1个低收入国家/特别行政区的2,216,320名儿童和青少年的总和略有改善，分别为19.4％（95％CI 18.4-20.4）或3.8％十年（95％CI 3.6-4.0）。随着时间的推移，国际进步率逐渐提高，最近的值（2000年后）接近1960年代/​​ 1970年代的两倍。与青少年（13-17岁）相比，儿童（9-12岁）的进步更大，而男孩和女孩的进步相似。各国之间的趋势有所不同，与国家的握力强度趋势和与健康相关/社会人口学指标的国家趋势之间的关系可以忽略不计，并且在统计上不显着。结论自1967年以来，儿童和青少年的绝对握力已经有了实质性的改善。特别是在低收入和中等收入国家，有必要加强对握力的国际监测，以便更有把握地确定真正的国际趋势。订单编号CRD42013003657。更自信地确定真正的国际趋势。订单编号CRD42013003657。更自信地确定真正的国际趋势。订单编号CRD42013003657。