Attempts to directly drug the important oncogene KRAS have met with limited success despite numerous efforts across industry and academia. The KRASG12C mutant represents an "Achilles heel" and has recently yielded to covalent targeting with small molecules that bind the mutant cysteine and create an allosteric pocket on GDP-bound RAS, locking it in an inactive state. A weak inhibitor at this site was optimized through conformational locking of a piperazine-quinazoline motif and linker modification. Subsequent introduction of a key methyl group to the piperazine resulted in enhancements in potency, permeability, clearance, and reactivity, leading to identification of a potent KRASG12C inhibitor with high selectivity and excellent cross-species pharmacokinetic parameters and in vivo efficacy.

中文翻译：

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基于结构的突变GTPase KRASG12C共价变构抑制剂的设计和药代动力学优化。

尽管工业界和学术界做出了许多努力，但直接为重要的癌基因KRAS服药的尝试取得了有限的成功。KRASG12C突变体代表“致命弱点”，最近已与小分子共价靶向，这些小分子与突变体半胱氨酸结合并在GDP结合的RAS上形成一个变构口袋，从而将其锁定在非活性状态。通过哌嗪-喹唑啉基序的构象锁定和接头修饰优化了该位点的弱抑制剂。随后在哌嗪中引入关键甲基会导致效力，通透性，清除率和反应性增强，从而鉴定出具有高选择性，出色的跨物种药代动力学参数和体内功效的有效KRASG12C抑制剂。