Fish erythrocytes are very sensitive to environmental pollution because they exhibit pathological alterations before appearance of other external symptoms, may be used as reliable toxicity bioindicators. Microscopic analysis can be a useful tool in early detection of alterations in erythrocyte morphology due to different environmental stressors, and in predicting organism's possible response ways. This study aims to evaluate the toxicity of a polluted freshwater lake on the erythrocytes of crucian carp fish, Carassius carassius, using digital light microscopy (DLM). Scanning DLM micrographs revealed the presence of nuclear and cytoplasmic abnormalities like micronucleus, nuclear buds, lobed nucleus, deformed nucleus, vacuolated cytoplasm, and echinocyte in the erythrocytes of crucian carp fish from a polluted lake. The obtained results substantiate that computation of erythrocyte morphological damages as biomarkers of exposure, through digital light microscopy software, can be effectively used as a toxicological tool.

中文翻译：

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数字光学显微镜作为鱼类红细胞形态异常毒理学评估的工具

鱼红细胞对环境污染非常敏感，因为它们在出现其他外部症状之前会表现出病理变化，因此可以用作可靠的毒性生物指示剂。显微镜分析可以作为早期检测由于不同环境应激因素引起的红细胞形态变化以及预测生物体可能的反应方式的有用工具。本研究旨在评估污染的淡水湖对鲫鱼的红细胞的毒性，彭泽鲫，使用数字光学显微镜（DLM）。扫描的DLM显微照片显示，在污染湖中cru鱼的红细胞中存在核和细胞质异常，如微核，核芽，叶状核，变形的核，空泡的细胞质和棘突细胞。获得的结果证实，通过数字光学显微镜软件计算作为暴露生物标志物的红细胞形态损伤，可以有效地用作毒理学工具。