Global change is causing an increase in the incidence of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on forests, which frequently interact synergistically and promote changes in forest structure, composition and functioning. In this study we evaluate the regeneration of Pinaceae and Fagaceae species in pure and mixed stands in Mexico to determine if current regeneration patterns are indicative of changes in the relative dominance of these two tree families, as observed in other temperate regions. We also identify the environmental factors that determine the regeneration patterns of Pinaceae and Fagaceae species in these forests. We use data from two consecutive surveys of the National Inventory of Forests and Soils of Mexico (INFyS), obtained in 2004–2009 and 2009–2014. Our results show that the spatial patterns of regeneration are affected by forest structure, by climate, by the type and intensity of disturbances and by land tenure. Importantly, the presence and abundance of Fagaceae regeneration is generally higher than that of Pinaceae, and tends to be favoured (relative to Pinaceae) under warmer climates and by the presence of wildfires. The higher regeneration of Fagaceae relative to Pinaceae under warmer and fire-prone conditions could have important impacts on the composition and functioning of Mexican temperate forests under ongoing climate change, as well as affect their resilience to future disturbances.

中文翻译：

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墨西哥松栎林的更新模式

全球变化正在导致森林自然和人为干扰的发生率增加，这些干扰经常协同作用并促进森林结构，组成和功能的变化。在这项研究中，我们评估了墨西哥纯林和混交林中松科和菊科物种的再生，以确定当前的再生模式是否指示这两个树科的相对优势的变化，如在其他温带地区观察到的那样。我们还确定了环境因素，这些环境因素决定了这些森林中松科和菊科物种的再生方式。我们使用2004-2009年和2009-2014年连续两次对墨西哥国家森林和土壤清单（INFyS）进行调查的数据。我们的结果表明，更新的空间格局受森林结构，气候，干扰类型和强度以及土地保有权的影响。重要的是，菊科植物再生的存在和丰度通常高于松科植物，并且在温暖的气候和野火的存在下倾向于（相对于松科植物）受到支持。在温暖和易火的条件下，相对于松科，菊科的更高再生能力可能对持续气候变化下的墨西哥温带森林的组成和功能产生重要影响，并影响其对未来干扰的适应力。并且在温暖的气候下和野火的存在下倾向于（相对于松科）。在温暖和易火的条件下，相对于松科，菊科的更高再生能力可能对持续气候变化下的墨西哥温带森林的组成和功能产生重要影响，并影响其对未来干扰的适应力。并且在温暖的气候下和野火的存在下倾向于（相对于松科）。在温暖和易火的条件下，相对于松科，菊科的更高再生能力可能对持续气候变化下的墨西哥温带森林的组成和功能产生重要影响，并影响其对未来干扰的适应力。